To explore the mechanical properties and damage evolution characteristics of carbonaceous shale with different confining pressures and water-bearing conditions, triaxial compression tests accompanied by simultaneous acoustic emission (AE) monitoring were conducted on carbonaceous shale rock specimens. The AE characteristics of carbonaceous shale were investigated, a damage assessment method based on Shannon entropy of AE was further proposed. The results suggest that the mechanical properties of carbonaceous shale intensify with increasing confining pressure and degrade with increasing water content. Moisture in rocks does not only weaken the cohesion but also reduce the internal friction angle of carbonaceous shale. It is observed that AE activities mainly occur in the post-peak stage and the strong AE activities of saturated carbonaceous shale specimens appear at a lower normalized stress level than that of natural-state specimens. The maximum AE counts and AE energy increase with water content while decrease with confining pressure. Both confining pressure and water content induce changes in the proportions of AE dominant frequency bands, but the changes caused by confining pressure are more significant than those caused by water content. The results also indicate that AE entropy can serve as an applicable index for rock damage assessment. The damage evolution process of carbonaceous shale can be divided into two main stages, including the stable damage development stage and the damage acceleration stage. The damage variable increases slowly accompanied by a few AE activities at the first stage, which is followed by a rapid growth along with intense acoustic emission activities at the damage acceleration stage. Moreover, there is a sharp rise in the damage evolution curve for the natural-state specimen at the damage acceleration stage, while the damage variable develops slowly for the saturated-state specimen.

为了探索不同围压和含水条件下碳质页岩的力学性能和破坏演化特征，对碳质页岩岩石样品进行了三轴压缩试验，同时进行声发射（AE）监测。研究了碳质页岩的声发射特征，提出了基于声发射的香农熵的损伤评价方法。结果表明，含碳页岩的力学性能随围压的增加而增强，随含水量的增加而降低。岩石中的水分不仅会削弱内聚力，而且会降低碳质页岩的内摩擦角。可以看到，AE活动主要发生在峰后阶段，饱和碳质页岩样品的强AE活动出现在比自然状态样品低的归一化应力水平下。最大AE计数和AE能量随水含量增加而随围压降低。围压和含水量均可引起AE主导频段比例的变化，但围压引起的变化比含水引起的变化更显着。结果还表明，AE熵可以作为岩石损伤评估的适用指标。碳质页岩的破坏演化过程可分为稳定破坏发展阶段和破坏加速阶段两个主要阶段。损伤变量在第一阶段伴随着一些声发射活动而缓慢增加，随后在损伤加速阶段伴随着强烈的声发射活动而迅速增长。此外，在损伤加速阶段，自然状态试样的损伤演化曲线急剧上升，而饱和状态试样的损伤变量缓慢发展。