Abstract

Women’s roles in political violence and terrorism have largely been examined through the agent/victim dichotomy. We suggest that women’s social inequality contributes to both roles of women as victims and as perpetrators of terrorist violence, with both roles ultimately contributing to increases in supplies of domestic terrorism. Particularly, women’s social inequality contributes to terrorism in three ways: it normalizes violence in society, makes women susceptible to coercion from terrorist groups, and results in grievances in the female population that may mobilize them to violence. An in-depth case study of women in Somalia and the quantitative results both suggest that women’s political, economic, and social inequality are associated with higher levels of domestic terrorism. The results show that the impact of women’s social equality through balanced social exchanges in society subsumes the impact of vertical equality measures such as political and economic equality.

摘要

妇女在政治暴力和恐怖主义中的作用已通过代理人/受害者二分法进行了广泛审查。我们建议，妇女的社会不平等加剧妇女作为恐怖主义暴力的受害者和肇事者的作用，而这两种作用最终都助长了家庭恐怖主义的增加。特别是，妇女的社会不平等以三种方式助长了恐怖主义：它使社会上的暴力正常化，使妇女容易受到来自恐怖主义团体的胁迫，并导致对女性人口的不满，从而动员她们从事暴力活动。对索马里妇女的深入案例研究和定量结果均表明，妇女的政治，经济和社会不平等现象与家庭恐怖主义的加剧有关。