The concept of state of exception has been key for explaining the spaces of enforced disappearances in the 1970s and 1980s in the Southern Cone, to the point that it has become a trope. This article takes up that concept, but revisits and alters it. It turns it around, proposing for what we call the “new disappearances” the concept of “inverted exception”. It does so through the examination of two concrete empirical situations – migrant houses in Mexico and the sanctuary movement in the United States – applying the same ethnographical observation approach to both and using the analysis of those situations to inform the theoretical reflection proposed here. The conclusion is that, while these “new disappearances” have, like enforced disappearances, a direct and close relationship with “spaces of exception”, that relationship now operates inversely: the space of exception is today sometimes the space of appearance, while the norm is widespread disappearance.

例外状态的概念一直是解释南锥体1970年代和1980年代强迫失踪空间的关键，以至于它已成为一种流行。本文讨论了这个概念，但是重新审视并修改了它。它扭转了这一局面，为“新失踪”提出了“倒置例外”的概念。它通过考察两种具体的经验情况（墨西哥的移民房屋和美国的庇护运动）来做到这一点，对两者都采用相同的人种学观察方法，并利用对这些情况的分析来为此处提出的理论反思提供依据。结论是，尽管这些“新失踪案”与强迫失踪案一样，与“例外空间”有着直接而密切的关系，但这种关系现在却相反地起作用：