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Aerosol Dynamics in the Near Field of the SCoPEx Stratospheric Balloon Experiment
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1029/2020jd033438
C. M. Golja 1 , L. W. Chew 2 , J. A. Dykema 1 , D. W. Keith 1
Affiliation  

Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) might alleviate some climate risks associated with accumulating greenhouse gases. Reduction of specific process uncertainties relevant to the distribution of aerosol in a turbulent stratospheric wake is necessary to support informed decisions about aircraft deployment of this technology. To predict aerosol size distributions, we apply microphysical parameterizations of nucleation, condensation, and coagulation to simulate an aerosol plume generated via injection of calcite powder or sulfate into a stratospheric wake with velocity and turbulence simulated by a three‐dimensional (3D) fluid dynamic calculation. We apply the model to predict the aerosol distribution that would be generated by a propeller wake in the Stratospheric Controlled Perturbation Experiment (SCoPEx). We find that injecting 0.1 g s−1 calcite aerosol produces a nearly monodisperse plume and that at the same injection rate, condensable sulfate aerosol forms particles with average radii of 0.1 µm at 3 km downstream. We test the sensitivity of plume aerosol composition, size, and optical depth to the mass injection rate and injection location. Aerosol size distribution depends more strongly on injection rate than injection configuration. Comparing plume properties with specifications of a typical photometer, we find that plumes could be detected optically as the payload flies under the plume. These findings test the relevance of in situ sampling of aerosol properties by the SCoPEx outdoor experiment to enable quantitative tests of microphysics in a stratospheric plume. Our findings provide a basis for developing predictive models of SAI using aerosols formed in stratospheric aircraft wakes.

中文翻译:

SCoPEx平流层气球实验近场中的气溶胶动力学

平流层气溶胶注射(SAI)可能会减轻与温室气体累积有关的某些气候风险。减少与湍流平流层尾流中气溶胶分布有关的特定过程不确定性对于支持有关此技术的飞机部署的明智决策是必要的。为了预测气溶胶的大小分布,我们应用成核,凝结和凝结的微物理参数化来模拟通过将方解石粉或硫酸盐注入平流层尾流而产生的气溶胶羽流,并通过三维(3D)流体动力学计算来模拟速度和湍流。我们应用该模型来预测平流层受控扰动实验(SCoPEx)中由螺旋桨尾流产生的气溶胶分布。我们发现注射0.1克-1方解石气溶胶产生几乎单分散的羽流,在相同的注入速率下,可冷凝的硫酸盐气溶胶在下游3 km处形成平均半径为0.1 µm的颗粒。我们测试了羽状气溶胶成分,大小和光学深度对质量注入速率和注入位置的敏感性。气溶胶尺寸分布比喷射配置更强烈地取决于喷射速率。将羽流特性与典型光度计的规格进行比较,我们发现,当有效载荷在羽流下方飞行时,可以光学检测羽流。这些发现通过SCoPEx户外实验测试了气溶胶特性的原位采样的相关性,从而能够对平流层羽流中的微物理学进行定量测试。
更新日期:2021-02-18
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