The thermal deformation of a machine tool, typically caused by environmental temperature variations or the heat generated by a rotating spindle, often changes the position and orientation errors of the rotary axis average lines. By applying kinematic modeling of a five-axis machine tool, this paper shows that they can be estimated from the finished geometry of any test piece, provided that the test piece contains the features that are sufficiently sensitive to them. Based on the kinematic analysis of their influence, a new machining test is proposed to evaluate the thermal influence on the position and orientation errors of the rotary axis average lines. By inversely solving the five-axis kinematic model, this paper shows that the position and orientation errors of the rotary axis average lines can be analytically identified by the finished test piece geometry. An experimental case study demonstrates that the position and orientation errors of the rotary axis average lines, which change due to the thermal influence, can be observed from the finished test piece geometry.

通常由环境温度变化或旋转主轴产生的热量引起的机床热变形通常会改变旋转轴平均线的位置和方向误差。通过应用五轴机床的运动学建模，本文表明可以从任何试件的最终几何形状中估算出它们，只要试件包含对其足够敏感的特征即可。在对其影响进行运动学分析的基础上，提出了一种新的加工试验，以评估热对旋转轴平均线的位置和方向误差的影响。通过反解五轴运动学模型，本文表明，通过成品试件的几何形状可以解析地识​​别出旋转轴平均线的位置和方向误差。实验案例研究表明，可以从完成的试件几何形状中观察到由于热影响而变化的旋转轴平均线的位置和方向误差。