Industry 4.0 will only become a reality through the convergence of Operational and Information Technologies (OT & IT), which use different computation and communication technologies. Cloud Computing cannot be used for OT involving industrial applications, since it cannot guarantee stringent non-functional requirements, e.g., dependability, trustworthiness and timeliness. Instead, a new computing paradigm, called Fog Computing, is envisioned as an architectural means to realize the IT/OT convergence. In this paper we propose a Fog Computing Platform (FCP) reference architecture targeting Industrial IoT applications. The FCP is based on: deterministic virtualization that reduces the effort required for safety and security assurance; middleware for supporting both critical control and dynamic Fog applications; deterministic networking and interoperability, using open standards such as IEEE 802.1 Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) and OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA); mechanisms for resource management and orchestration; and services for security, fault tolerance and distributed machine learning. We propose a methodology for the definition and the evaluation of the reference architecture. We use the Architecture Analysis Design Language (AADL) to model the FCP reference architecture, and a set of industrial use cases to evaluate its suitability for the Industrial IoT area.

只有通过使用不同的计算和通信技术的运营和信息技术（OT＆IT）的融合，工业4.0才能成为现实。云计算不能用于涉及工业应用的OT，因为它不能保证严格的非功能性要求，例如可靠性，可信赖性和及时性。取而代之的是一种称为“雾计算”的新计算范例。可以将用作实现IT / OT融合的体系结构手段。在本文中，我们提出了针对工业物联网应用的雾计算平台（FCP）参考架构。FCP基于：确定性虚拟化，可减少安全性和安全保证所需的工作量；支持关键控制和动态Fog应用程序的中间件；确定性网络和互操作性，使用开放标准，例如IEEE 802.1时间敏感网络（TSN）和OPC统一体系结构（OPC UA）；资源管理和协调机制；安全，容错和分布式机器学习的服务。我们提出了一种定义和评估参考体系结构的方法。