This study proposes a near-optimal, impulsive control method for overflying ground targets. A set of impulses, which adjusts the satellite ground trajectory to enable the overflight, is derived. The proposed impulsive solution is expressed in closed-form which only consists of orbital revolution numbers and target overflight errors. It allows not only simplifying the search for a minimum delta-v solution but also facilitating its extension to the multiple-target overflight problem. It is also provided in this paper an insight connecting the overflight problem to a relative orbit transfer problem controlling a phase angle or mean anomaly. Numerical examples for single-, two-, and three-target overflight verify that the controlled trajectory with the proposed impulsive solution successfully overflies the designated targets within a prescribed time. It is also demonstrated that the total delta-v required for the proposed method is near-optimal based on the performance comparison with a numerical optimization-based method which employs a very large set of initial guesses.

这项研究提出了一种飞越地面目标的近最优脉冲控制方法。得出了一组脉冲，这些脉冲可调整卫星地面轨迹以实现飞越。所提出的脉冲解决方案以封闭形式表示，仅由轨道转数和目标飞越误差组成。它不仅可以简化对最小增量v解的搜索，还可以促进其扩展到多目标飞越问题。本文还提供了将飞越问题与控制相角或平均异常的相对轨道转移问题联系起来的见解。单目标，二目标和三目标飞越的数值示例验证了所提出的脉冲解决方案的受控轨迹在规定的时间内成功飞越了指定目标。