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The Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: A Summary of the Human Consequences, 1945-2018, and Lessons for Homo sapiens to End the Nuclear Weapon Age
Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament Pub Date : 2019-07-03 , DOI: 10.1080/25751654.2019.1681226
Masao Tomonaga 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT Seventy-four years have passed since the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Approximately 210,000 victims died, and another 210,000 people survived. The damage to their health has continued, consisting of three phases of late effects: the appearance of leukemia, the first malignant disease, in 1949; an intermediate phase entailing the development of many types of cancer; and a final phase of lifelong cancers for hibakusha who experienced the bombing as a child, as well as a second wave of leukemia for elderly hibakusha and psychological damage such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Thus, the human consequences of the atomic bombings have not ceased; many people are still dying of radiation-induced malignant diseases. Therefore, it is too early to finalize the total death toll. Hibakusha have faced a never-ending struggle to regenerate their lives and families under the fear of disease. As the only group of Homo sapiens experiencing real nuclear attacks, hibakusha have continued to engage in a lifelong movement to eliminate nuclear weapons. Political leaders, especially of nuclear-weapon states, must learn the wisdom of the hibakusha to save Homo sapiens from possible global extinction by nuclear war.

中文翻译:

广岛和长崎的原子弹爆炸:人类后果摘要,1945-2018年,以及智人终结核武器时代的经验教训

摘要自广岛和长崎发生原子弹爆炸以来已经过去了74年。大约210,000名受害者死亡,另外21万人幸存。对他们健康的损害仍在继续,包括三个阶段的后期影响:1949年出现白血病,这是第一种恶性疾病。导致许多类型癌症发展的中间阶段;以及儿童时期遭受炸弹袭击的hibakusha的终生癌症阶段,以及针对老年人hibakusha的第二波白血病以及诸如抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍等心理损害。因此,原子弹爆炸对人类的影响没有停止。许多人仍死于辐射诱发的恶性疾病。因此,现在确定总死亡人数为时尚早。在对疾病的恐惧中,Hibakusha面临着永生不息的斗争,以重生他们的生活和家庭。作为唯一一群遭受实际核攻击的智人,hibakusha继续致力于消除核武器的终生运动。政治领导人,特别是核武器国家的政治领导人,必须学习hibakusha的智慧,以使智人免于因核战争而可能在全球范围内灭绝。
更新日期:2019-07-03
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