ABSTRACT East Asia is home to some of the most dynamic economies on earth, but also a locus of current and historical national and international conflicts. Some of the largest economies lack domestic energy resources, and nuclear power has been adopted as a perceived key to energy security. Lacking, however, is a concerted strategy for managing nuclear spent fuel at the regional or even, for the most part, national levels. Regional coopera tion on spent fuel management offers many benefits, as well as challenges. This two-part paper explores four different “scenarios” of regional spent-fuel management, ranging from a national “go-it-alone” option to regional cooperation on uranium supply, enrichment and “back-end” spent fuel management. Results for physical flows of nuclear materials and other inputs and outputs, and for the relative costs of each scenario, are presented. Results suggest that the costs of scenarios that include reprocessing are higher than those without reprocessing, and costs for increased dry-cask storage (reducing the amount of fuel stored in high-density spent fuel pools) are likely to be a tiny part of overall nuclear fuel cycle costs. As a result, radiological risk and attendant political, social and legal concerns should drive decisions regarding spent fuel management, not costs.

中文翻译：

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东亚核废燃料管理区域合作：成本，收益和挑战-第二部分

摘要东亚是地球上一些最具活力的经济体的所在地，也是当前和历史上的国家和国际冲突的所在地。一些最大的经济体缺乏国内能源，核电已被认为是能源安全的关键。然而，缺乏是在区域甚至大部分国家层面管理核乏燃料的协调战略。乏燃料管理方面的区域合作带来许多好处和挑战。本文分为两部分，探讨了区域乏燃料管理的四个不同“方案”，从国家“独行”方案到铀供应，浓缩和“后端”乏燃料管理的区域合作，不一而足。核材料的物理流动结果以及其他投入和产出，并列出了每种方案的相对成本。结果表明，包括后处理在内的方案的成本比不进行后处理的方案的成本高，而增加干桶存储（减少高密度乏燃料池中存储的燃料量）的成本可能只占整个核能的一小部分。燃油循环成本。结果，放射风险以及随之而来的政治，社会和法律问题应促使人们做出有关乏燃料管理而不是成本的决定。