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Formal Causation in Integrated Information Theory: An Answer to the Intrinsicality Problem
Foundations of Science ( IF 0.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s10699-020-09775-w
Javier Sánchez-Cañizares

Integrated Information Theory (IIT) stands out as one of the most promising theories for dealing with the hard problem of consciousness. Founded on five axioms derived from phenomenology, IIT seeks for the physical substrate of consciousness that complies with such axioms according to the criterion of maximally integrated information (Φ). Eventually, IIT identifies phenomenal consciousness with maximal Φ or, what is the same thing, with the strongest cause-effect power in the system. Among the scholars critical of this theory, some point to the so-called Intrinsicality Problem (IP), namely that consciousness cannot be an intrinsic property of the system because maximal Φ crucially depends on the possible existence of bigger values of Φ if the initial system is appropriately linked to or embedded in larger systems. Although proposals in the recent literature aim to solve the IP by going beyond reductionism and physicalism, none of them tackle the real issue, i.e., the insufficiency of IIT’s causal-metaphysical structure. This papers endeavors to provide a solution to the IP in IIT within a hylomorphist ontology that includes formal causation. Complementing IIT with formal causation provides the theory with a criterion of individuation that solves the IP and, by relaxing identification between maximal Φ and consciousness, it lends a more robust metaphysical structure. To wit, maximal Φ is a necessary but not sufficient condition for the existence of consciousness.



中文翻译:

集成信息论中的形式因果:对内在性问题的解答

集成信息理论(IIT)是解决意识难题的最有前途的理论之一。IIT建立在五种源自现象学的公理基础上,根据最大整合信息(Φ)的标准,寻求符合此类公理的意识的物理基础。最终,IIT识别出具有最大Φ的现象意识,或者说是同一件事,具有系统中最强的因果能力。在对该理论提出批判的学者中,有人指出了所谓的本征性问题(IP),即意识不能成为系统的内在属性,因为最大Φ关键取决于初始系统是否存在更大的Φ值。适当地链接到或嵌入到较大的系统中。尽管最近文献中的提议旨在超越还原论和物理主义来解决知识产权问题,但它们都没有解决真正的问题,即IIT因果形而上的结构不足。本文致力于在包括形式因果关系的同态本体中为IIT中的IP提供解决方案。通过形式上的因果关系补充IIT,为该理论提供了解决IP的个性化标准,并且通过放松最大Φ和意识之间的识别,它提供了更强大的形而上学结构。也就是说,最大Φ是意识存在的必要但非充分条件。本文致力于在包括形式因果关系的同态本体中为IIT中的IP提供解决方案。通过形式上的因果关系补充IIT,为该理论提供了解决IP的个性化标准,并且通过放松最大Φ和意识之间的识别,它提供了更强大的形而上学结构。也就是说,最大Φ是意识存在的必要但非充分条件。本文致力于在包括形式因果关系的同态本体中为IIT中的IP提供解决方案。通过形式上的因果关系补充IIT,为该理论提供了解决IP的个性化标准,并且通过放松最大Φ和意识之间的识别,它提供了更强大的形而上学结构。也就是说,最大Φ是意识存在的必要但非充分条件。

更新日期:2021-02-02
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