Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is a widely used imaging technique that doubles the effective resolution of widefield microscopes. Most current implementations rely on diffractive elements, either gratings or programmable devices, to generate structured light patterns in the sample. These can be limited by spectral efficiency, speed, or both. Here we introduce the concept of fiber SIM that allows for camera frame rate limited pattern generation and manipulation over a broad wavelength range. Illumination patterns are generated by coupling laser beams into radially opposite pairs of fibers in a hexagonal single mode fiber array where the exit beams are relayed to the microscope objective’s back focal plane. The phase stepping and rotation of the illumination patterns are controlled by fast electro-optic devices. We achieved a rate of 111 SIM frames per second and imaged with excitation patterns generated by both 488 nm and 532 nm lasers.

中文翻译：

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使用六边形单模光纤阵列的高速多色结构照明显微镜

结构照明显微镜（SIM）是一种广泛使用的成像技术，可使宽视野显微镜的有效分辨率提高一倍。当前大多数实施方式都依赖于衍射元件，例如光栅或可编程设备，以在样品中产生结构化的光图案。这些可能会受到频谱效率，速度或两者的限制。在这里，我们介绍了光纤SIM的概念，该概念允许在较宽的波长范围内限制相机帧速率的图案生成和操纵。通过将激光束耦合到六边形单模光纤阵列中的径向相对的光纤对中来产生照明图案，其中出射光束中继到显微镜物镜的后焦平面。照明图案的相位步进和旋转由快速电光设备控制。