Although the recent advancement in wearable biosensors provides continuous, noninvasive assessment of physiologically relevant chemical markers from human sweat, several bottlenecks still exist for its practical use. There were challenges in developing a multiplexed biosensing system with rapid microfluidic sampling and transport properties, as well as its integration with a portable potentiostat for improved interference-free data collection. Here, we introduce a clean-room free fabrication of wearable microfluidic sensors, using a screen-printed carbon master, for the electrochemical monitoring of sweat biomarkers during exercise activities. The sweat sampling is enhanced by introducing low-dimensional sensing compartments and lowering the hydrophilicity of channel layers via facile silane functionalization. The fluidic channel captures sweat at the inlet and directs the real-time sweat through the active sensing electrodes (within 40 s) for subsequent decoding and selective analyses. For proof of concept, simultaneous amperometric lactate and potentiometric ion sensing (Na⁺, K⁺, and pH) are carried out by a miniature circuit board capable of cross-talk-free signal collection and wireless signal transduction characteristics. All of the sensors demonstrated appreciable sensitivity, selectivity, stability, carryover efficiency, and repeatability. The floating potentiometric circuits eliminate the signal interference from the adjacent amperometric transducers. The fully integrated pumpless microfluidic device is mounted on the epidermis and employed for multiplexed real-time decoding of sweat during stationary biking. The regional variations in sweat composition are analyzed by human trials at the underarm and upperback locations. The presented method offers a large-scale fabrication of inexpensive high-throughput wearable sensors for personalized point-of-care and athletic applications.

中文翻译：

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用于高通量汗液采样和多重电化学分析的全印刷可穿戴微流控设备

尽管可穿戴生物传感器的最新进展提供了对人类汗液中生理相关化学标记物的连续，非侵入性评估，但在实际应用中仍存在一些瓶颈。在开发具有快速微流体采样和传输特性的多重生物传感系统，以及将其与便携式恒电位仪集成以改善无干扰数据收集方面存在挑战。在这里，我们介绍了使用丝网印刷的碳原版在无尘室中可穿戴微流体传感器的免费制造，用于在运动过程中对汗液生物标记物进行电化学监测。通过引入低维感测隔室并通过便捷的硅烷功能化降低通道层的亲水性，可以增强汗液采样。流体通道在入口处捕获汗液，并引导实时汗液通过有源传感电极（在40 s内）以进行后续解码和选择性分析。为了证明概念，同时进行乳酸安培和电位离子感测（Na⁺，K ⁺，和pH值）由能够实现无串扰信号收集和无线信号转导特性的微型电路板执行。所有传感器均显示出相当高的灵敏度，选择性，稳定性，残留效率和可重复性。浮动电位计电路消除了来自相邻安培传感器的信号干扰。完全集成的无泵微流控设备安装在表皮上，用于固定骑行过程中汗水的多路实时实时解码。通过人体试验在腋下和上背部位置对汗液成分的区域变化进行了分析。提出的方法为个性化的即时护理和运动应用提供了廉价制造高通量可穿戴传感器的大规模制造。