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Egoism and cooperation in economic development - a historical approach
Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja ( IF 3.080 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01
Marek Tomaszewski

Abstract

Inter-human cooperation has existed since the Paleolithic era, but its character has changed over time. Initially, it was instinctive, later forced, but nowadays it is voluntary. Already in the 18th century, Adam Smith wrote that society could not exist without cooperation. Human civilization was built by cooperating specialists supported by ever newer technologies. The subject of the article is the role of egoism and cooperation in human economic development throughout history. The research method used was a review of the literature of authors from various historical epochs, starting from antiquity and the Middle Ages, through the Renaissance, the first, second and third industrial revolution, up to the present day. The conducted research has shown that cooperation affects relationships between people and helps suppress the internal egoism of man, about which St. Augustine, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Hume, Malthus and even Charles Darwin wrote. The predominance of selfish or altruistic attitudes inevitably affected the development and collapse of many countries and even civilizations.



中文翻译:

经济发展中的利己主义与合作-历史方法

摘要

自旧石器时代以来就存在着人与人之间的合作,但是其性质已经随着时间而改变。最初,它是本能的,后来被迫,但是如今,它是自愿的。早在18世纪,亚当·斯密(Adam Smith)就写道,没有合作就不可能存在社会。人类文明是由合作专家在不断更新的技术支持下建立的。本文的主题是利己主义和合作在整个历史上对人类经济发展的作用。所使用的研究方法是回顾古代和中世纪到文艺复兴时期,第一次,第二次和第三次工业革命直到今天的各个历史时期的作者的文献。进行的研究表明,合作会影响人与人之间的关系,并有助于压制人的内在自我主义,关于圣奥古斯丁,马基雅维利,霍布斯,休姆,马尔萨斯甚至查尔斯·达尔文所写的。自私或利他态度的盛行不可避免地影响了许多国家甚至文明的发展与崩溃。

更新日期:2021-02-01
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