This review focuses on the fermentation potential of GRAS (generally recognized as safe) bacteria that belong to Paenibacillus species on the production of 2,3‐butanediol (2,3‐BDO). P. polymyxa, P. peoriae, and P. brasilensis were reported as highly efficient microbial producers of 2,3‐BDO and acetoin. The factors contributing to the fermentative production of 2,3‐BDO are addressed with particular emphasis on crucial fermentation parameters, precursors that increase fermentation efficiency, and the significance of metabolic pathways. Several carbon sources from renewable resources can be consumed by Paenibacillus strains, which favors the development of alternative biorefinery concepts including the production of 2,3‐BDO within a circular bio‐economy approach. Downstream separation and purification processes used for the recovery of bio‐based 2,3‐BDO are also discussed. The production of 2,3‐BDO isomers with high stereoisomeric purity can lead to new applications and markets. Paenibacillus strains could be a viable alternative to biosafety level 2 strains that were widely investigated for the production of 2,3‐BDO.

中文翻译：

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芽孢杆菌菌株生产2,3-丁二醇的生物工艺开发

这篇综述着重介绍了属于Paenibacillus种的GRAS（通常被认为是安全的）细菌在生产2,3-丁二醇（2,3-BDO）方面的发酵潜力。P.多粘，P. peoriae，和P. brasilensis被报告为2,3-BDO和乙偶姻的高效微生物生产者。解决了导致2,3-BDO发酵产生的因素，其中特别强调了关键的发酵参数，提高发酵效率的前体以及代谢途径的重要性。芽孢杆菌可消耗可再生资源中的几种碳源菌株，这有利于替代生物炼制概念的发展，包括在循环生物经济方法下生产2,3-BDO。还讨论了用于生物基2,3-BDO回收的下游分离和纯化工艺。具有高立体异构体纯度的2,3-BDO异构体的生产可以带来新的应用和市场。Paenibacillus菌株可能是生物安全性2级菌株的可行替代品，该菌株已被广泛研究用于生产2,3-BDO。