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Moss-dominated biocrusts enhance water vapor sorption capacity of surface soil and increase non-rainfall water deposition in drylands
Geoderma ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.114930
Shenglong Li , Bo Xiao , Fuhai Sun , Giora J. Kidron

Surface soil vapor sorption and non-rainfall water (NRW) deposition are important sources, and can be highly influential in soil water dynamics and biochemical processes in drylands. As an important living skin, biocrusts have great impacts on soil water balance and play a vital role in water transport at near surface soil, while it remains unclear how biocrusts affect soil water vapor sorption and NRW deposition. In this study, we analyzed and modeled the water vapor sorption isotherms (WSIs) of moss-dominated biocrusts and uncrusted surfaces on loess soil and aeolian sand in the Chinese Loess Plateau. Furthermore, the actual NRW deposition amount of the biocrusts and uncrused soil in field was continuously measured across ~4 months in summer. Our results showed that the vapor sorption amount of the biocrusts was increased by up to 130.5% on the loess and 157.1% on the aeolian sand, and soil vapor sorption capacity of the biocrusts was mostly attributed to their higher contents of fine particles (clay and silt) and organic matter, and the moss morphology in comparison to the uncrusted soil. The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) model performed well (R2 > 0.97, RMSE < 0.0005 g g−1, E < 13.2%) in simulating WSIs of each treatment. Moreover, the biocrusts enlarged the hysteresis effects by > 23.1%-200.0% as compared with the uncrusted soil at 0–10 cm depth. Additionally, the daily NRW amount of the biocrusts was increased by 19.2% on loess soil and 22.0% on aeolian sand, respectively, which means that the biocrusts significantly increased the NRW deposition capacity at 0–10 cm depth (F ≥ 11.12, P < 0.001). Lastly, the surface soil temperature of the biocrust layer was averagely 1.0–2.3 °C higher than that of the uncrusted soil during daytime, indicating that the biocrust layer enlarged the daily soil temperature differences between the crusted and uncrusted soils, and consequently increased the hourly NRW amount. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the important effects of biocrusts in improving vapor sorption capacity and NRW deposition of surface soil, and these properties in return would further generate feedback impacts on surface soil water and heat balances, enhancing microbial activity within the soil profile and nutrient adsorption from NRW in drylands.



中文翻译:

苔藓为主的生物结皮提高了表层土壤的水蒸气吸收能力,并增加了旱地非降雨水的沉积

地表土壤蒸汽吸附和非降雨水(NRW)沉积是重要的来源,并且可能对旱地的土壤水分动力学和生化过程产生重大影响。生物结皮作为重要的活皮,对土壤水平衡有很大影响,并且在表层近地土壤的水传输中起着至关重要的作用,而生物结皮如何影响土壤水蒸气的吸收和NRW沉积尚不清楚。在这项研究中,我们分析并模拟了黄土高原黄土土壤和风沙上苔藓为主的生物结皮和未结垢表面的水蒸气吸附等温线(WSI)。此外,在夏季约4个月内,连续测量了田间生物结皮和未开垦土壤的实际NRW沉积量。我们的结果表明,生物结皮的蒸汽吸附量增加了130。黄土占5%,风沙占157.1%,生物结皮对土壤蒸气的吸附能力主要归因于它们的细颗粒(粘土和淤泥)和有机质含量较高,与未结实的土壤相比,苔藓形态。Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer(GAB)模型表现良好( 在模拟每种处理的WSI时,R 2  > 0.97,RMSE <0.0005 g g -1E <13.2%。此外,与0-10 cm深度的未覆盖土壤相比,生物结壳将滞后效应扩大了> 23.1%-200.0%。此外,该biocrusts的每日NRW量分别增加了在黄土上19.2%和对风沙22.0%,这意味着biocrusts显著在0-10厘米深度(NRW沉积容量增加˚F  ≥11.12,P <0.001)。最后,白天生物结皮层的表面土壤温度平均比未结皮土壤高1.0-2.3°C,这表明生物结皮层扩大了结皮土壤和未结皮土壤之间的每日土壤温差,因此每小时增加NRW金额。总之,这项研究证明了生物结皮对改善表层土壤的蒸汽吸附能力和NRW沉积的重要作用,而这些特性反过来将进一步对表层土壤的水分和热量平衡产生反馈影响,从而增强土壤剖面和养分中的微生物活性在干旱地区吸收来自北威州的水。

更新日期:2021-02-01
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