Soil management practices (SMPs) have been widely applied all over the world due to their enhancement of soil water storage capacity (WSC), thus improving the effective utilization of local precipitation. Relevant studies have focused on the mechanisms by which SMPs influence key water cycle processes but tend to ignore the spatial allocation of SMPs across river basins. This paper attempts to provide a system framework for such a spatial allocation of SMPs. A series of empirical equations for evaluating the WSC of different types of SMPs were established based on the assumptions of the SCS-CN model and the geometric parameters of terraces and contour ridges. Using spatial information constraints such as land use, effective soil depth and slope, allocation schemes for SMPs were optimized by comparing the WSCs of various SMPs on evaluation units. Using the Sihe River Basin as a study model, this framework was used to quantify the existing WSCs of various SMPs and determine alternative SMPs for each evaluation unit. Two recommended spatial schemes for SMPs basing on single-object spatial optimization were designed and their corresponding WSCs were calculated. The results show that the WSC of SMPs in the Sihe River Basin was 61.8 million m³ in 2015. This value can be effectively improved with spatial optimization of SMPs. The total WSC of SMPs in Scheme I, taking the maximum WSC as a target function, was 198.36 million m³, and the average WSC per unit area increased by 27 % compared with 2015. Scheme II, with a goal of achieving a minimum ratio of implementation cost to WSC, had a total WSC of 183.61 million m³, and the average WSC per unit area was 17 % higher than that of 2015. These results provide adaptation-strategies for the allocation of SMPs across the river basin and a technical means for integrated soil water management.

由于土壤管理实践（SMPs）增强了土壤蓄水能力（WSC），因此在世界范围内得到了广泛应用，从而提高了当地降水的有效利用。相关研究集中于SMP影响关键水循环过程的机制，但往往忽略了SMP在流域之间的空间分配。本文试图为这种SMP的空间分配提供一个系统框架。基于SCS-CN模型的假设以及阶地和等高线脊的几何参数，建立了一系列评估不同类型SMP的WSC的经验公式。利用土地利用，有效土壤深度和坡度等空间信息约束，通过在评估单位上比较各种SMP的WSC，优化了SMP的分配方案。使用四河流域作为研究模型，该框架用于量化各种SMP的现有WSC，并确定每个评估单位的替代SMP。设计了两种基于单对象空间优化的SMP推荐空间方案，并计算了它们对应的WSC。结果表明，四河流域中小规模水域的水深为6180万m。2015年排名^3。可以通过SMP的空间优化有效地提高这一价值。方案一中，以最大自来水为目标功能的SMP的总自来水量为1.9436亿m ³，与2015年相比，每单位面积的平均自来水量增加了27％。方案二，旨在实现最小比例WSC的实施成本，总WSC为18361万立方米³，每单位面积的WSC平均水平比2015年高17％。这些结果为流域SMP的分配提供了适应策略和技术土壤水综合管理的手段。