Landscape features such as roads, hiking trails, and forest edge are prevalent features of urban forests. These features can negatively influence biodiversity through fragmentation and facilitate the penetration of invasive species, particularly predators such as domestic dogs and cats. This study examined how these landscape features affect the distribution of native and domestic mammals and how domestic species affect the occupancy and activity patterns of native mammals. To this end, we conducted camera trap surveys in forested urban and suburban parks in Indiana and Kentucky, USA, to record the presence of native species (deer, raccoons, coyote, and opossums) and non-native predators (domesticated cats and dogs) in relation to distance to nearest roads, hiking trails, and forest edge. We found negative correlations between proximity to roads, hiking trails, and forest edge and the occupancy of the native species with this effect extending up to 300 m. We also found evidence that the presence of dog and cat was negatively correlated with the occupancy for all native species. We recommend park management consider the impact of roads, hiking trails, and forest edge when designing parks and the enforcement of dog leash regulations for the conservation of large mammals in urban parks.

道路，远足小径和森林边缘等景观特征是城市森林的普遍特征。这些特征可能通过碎片化对生物多样性产生负面影响，并促进入侵物种的渗透，尤其是掠食性动物，如家犬和猫。这项研究检查了这些景观特征如何影响本地和家养哺乳动物的分布，以及家养物种如何影响本地哺乳动物的占有和活动模式。为此，我们在美国印第安纳州和肯塔基州的森林城市和郊区公园进行了相机陷阱调查，以记录本地物种（鹿，浣熊，土狼和负鼠）和非本地掠食者（驯养的猫和狗）的存在与最近道路，远足径和森林边缘的距离有关。我们发现与道路的距离之间存在负相关关系，远足径，森林边缘和本地物种的栖息地，这种影响延伸到300 m。我们还发现有证据表明，狗和猫的存在与所有本地物种的占有率均呈负相关。我们建议公园管理人员在设计公园时应考虑道路，远足径和森林边缘的影响，并在实施狗皮带规章制度以保护城市公园中的大型哺乳动物时考虑到这一点。