The fifth generation (5G) of mobile networks has started its operation in some countries and is aimed at meeting demands beyond the current system capabilities such as the huge amount of connected devices from IoT applications (e.g., smart cities), explosive growth of high-speed mobile data traffic (e.g., ultrahigh definition video streaming), and ultrareliable and low latency communication (e.g., autonomous vehicle). To attend to these needs, the electromagnetic spectrum must be made available, but the static spectrum allocation policy has caused a spectrum shortage and impaired the employment/expansion of the wireless systems. To overcome this issue, the dynamic spectrum access (DSA) has been promoted in 5G/6G networks, which is enabled by the cognitive radio (CR) technology. Although diverse mechanisms have been developed to tackle the challenges that emerge in different CR layers/functionalities, a standardized testing methodology and system for CR is still immature. Existing standards or methodologies and systems for CR only focus on the definition of network technologies (e.g., IEEE 802.22 and IEEE 802.11af), performance evaluation of CR algorithms/mechanisms, or definition of the device cognition level via performance results or psychometric approaches, not covering systems/methodologies to verify if the device meets the CR capabilities and regulatory policies, neglecting the conformance testing. In this respect, this paper proposes a flexible methodology and system for CR conformance testing under two perspectives, functionalities and limits. We instantiate it by using the Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) software-defined radio platform and present a proof-of-concept with a conformance metric. The results show the feasibility of our proposal.

中文翻译：

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认知无线电的一致性测试方法和系统

第五代（5G）移动网络已在某些国家/地区开始运营，其目标是满足当前系统功能之外的需求，例如物联网应用（例如，智能城市）提供的大量联网设备，加快移动数据流量（例如超高清视频流）以及超可靠和低延迟的通信（例如自动驾驶汽车）。为了满足这些需求，必须使电磁频谱可用，但是静态频谱分配策略已导致频谱短缺并损害了无线系统的使用/扩展。为了克服这个问题，动态频谱接入（DSA）已在5G / 6G网络中得到了推广，这是由认知无线电（CR）技术实现的。尽管已经开发出各种机制来应对不同CR层/功能中出现的挑战，但是用于CR的标准化测试方法和系统仍不成熟。现有的CR标准，方法论和系统仅关注网络技术（例如IEEE 802.22和IEEE 802.11af）的定义，CR算法/机制的性能评估或通过性能结果或心理测量方法对设备认知水平的定义，而没有关注覆盖系统/方法，以验证设备是否满足CR功能和法规政策，而忽略一致性测试。在这方面，本文从功能和限制两个角度提出了一种灵活的CR一致性测试方法和系统。我们通过使用通用软件无线电外围设备（USRP）软件定义的无线电平台来实例化它，并提供带有一致性度量的概念验证。结果表明了我们建议的可行性。