Background. Healthcare workers are at high risk of occupational exposure to needle stick injury worldwide. Occupational exposure to needle stick injury represents the most common sources of infection such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus. Thus, this review aimed to determine the career time and previous one-year global pooled prevalence of occupational exposure to needle stick injury among healthcare workers. Methods. The review considered articles written in English language and published from 2012 to 2020. The articles were searched using nine electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane library, Web of Science, SCOPUS, MedNar, and ScienceDirect) using a combination of Boolean logic operators (AND, OR, and NOT), Medical Subject Headings, and keywords. Quality assessment was performed to determine the relevance of the articles using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Several steps of assessment and evaluation were taken to select and analyze the relevant articles. Results. The worldwide pooled prevalence of needle stick injuries among healthcare workers during career time and previous one year was 56.2% (95% CI: 47.1, 64.9) and 32.4% (95% CI: 22.0, 44.8), respectively. The career time pooled prevalence of needle stick injuries based on the socioeconomic development and study area was 54.8% and 55.1%, respectively, and one-year pooled prevalence of needle stick injury was 26.0% and 20.9%. Conclusion. The review found a high prevalence of occupational exposure to needle stick injury among healthcare workers and suggests the need to improve occupational health and safety services in the healthcare systems.

中文翻译：

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医护人员针刺伤职业暴露的全球患病率：系统评价和荟萃分析

背景。医护人员在全球范围内面临针刺伤职业暴露的高风险。职业性接触针刺伤是最常见的感染源，如乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和人类免疫缺陷病毒。因此，本综述旨在确定医疗保健工作者职业接触针刺伤的职业时间和之前一年的全球汇总患病率。方法. 该评价考虑了 2012 年至 2020 年间以英语撰写并发表的文章。使用 9 个电子数据库（PubMed、Google Scholar、CINAHL、MEDLINE、Cochrane 图书馆、Web of Science、SCOPUS、MedNar 和 ScienceDirect）对这些文章进行了综合搜索。布尔逻辑运算符（AND、OR 和 NOT）、医学主题词和关键字。使用 Joanna Briggs Institute 的关键评估工具进行质量评估以确定文章的相关性。采取了几个评估和评估步骤来选择和分析相关文章。结果. 医护人员在职业生涯期间和前一年的全球综合针刺伤患病率分别为 56.2%（95% CI：47.1、64.9）和 32.4%（95% CI：22.0、44.8）。基于社会经济发展和研究地区的职业时间针刺伤合并患病率分别为54.8%和55.1%，一年针刺伤合并患病率为26.0%和20.9%。结论。审查发现，医护人员中针刺伤害的职业暴露率很高，并建议需要改善医疗保健系统中的职业健康和安全服务。