In real life situations, potential offenders may only have a vague idea of their own probability of getting caught and possibly, convicted. As they have beliefs regarding this probability, they may exhibit optimism or pessimism. Thus there exists a discrepancy between the objective expected fine and the subjective expected fine. In this context, we investigate how the fact that the choice whether or not to commit an harmful act is framed as a decision under ambiguity can modify the standard Beckerian results regarding the optimal fine and the optimal resources that should be invested in detection and conviction.

中文翻译：

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模棱两可的公共执法

在现实生活中，潜在的犯罪者可能只对自己被抓住并可能被定罪的可能性含糊其词。因为他们对这种可能性有信心，所以他们可能表现出乐观或悲观。因此，客观预期罚款与主观预期罚款之间存在差异。在这种情况下，我们研究了是否模棱两可地将是否实施有害行为的选择作为决定的事实，可以如何修改关于最佳罚款和应用于侦查和定罪的最佳资源的标准贝克尔结果。