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EXPRESS: National Culture and the Cyclical Behavior of R&D Expenditure
Journal of International Marketing ( IF 4.976 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-29 , DOI: 10.1177/1069031x21994106
Jung Seek Kim

This article examines the cyclical behavior of business (firm-financed) R&D expenditure at the national level, using a panel of 64 countries spanning about 4 decades. R&D is considerably more volatile than GDP and tends to be procyclical. We adopt the Hofstede framework to investigate systematically cross-national heterogeneity in comovement and volatility of R&D. Similar to prior studies, a higher R&D intensity (R&D expenditure / GDP) is associated with more uncertainty accepting, long-term oriented, and indulgent countries. Notably, R&D behaves less procyclically in more uncertainty accepting, individualistic, long-term oriented, and indulgent countries, and it is less volatile in more masculine, individualistic, long-term oriented, and indulgent countries. That is, a culture with a higher propensity to invest in R&D tends to follow business cycles less closely (i.e., lower comovement) and have more persistent spending over time (i.e., lower volatility). Furthermore, higher comovement or volatility of R&D indeed harms national productivity and innovativeness. Therefore, this research broadens our understanding of the role national culture plays by demonstrating (1) that it affects considerably the cyclical behavior of R&D and (2) that this cyclical behavior is another conduit through which culture influences economic performance.



中文翻译:

表达:民族文化与研发支出的周期性行为

本文考察了64个国家(涵盖大约4年)的情况,研究了国家(企业资助的)R&D支出的周期性行为。研发活动比GDP波动性大得多,并且往往具有周期性。我们采用Hofstede框架来系统地研究跨国公司在研发协同和波动中的异质性。与先前的研究类似,较高的研发强度(R&D支出/ GDP)与不确定性的接受,长期导向和放纵的国家联系在一起。值得注意的是,在接受更多不确定性,个人主义,长期导向和纵容的国家中,R&D的行为不那么顺应,而在男性主义,个人主义,长期导向和纵容的国家中,R&D的波动性较小。就是说,一种在R&R上投资倾向较高的文化 D趋向于不太紧随商业周期(例如,较低的联动),并且随着时间的推移具有更多的持续性支出(例如,较低的波动性)。此外,研发活动的联动性或波动性确实损害了国家的生产力和创新性。因此,本研究通过证明(1)它极大地影响了R&D的周期性行为,以及(2)这种周期性行为是文化影响经济绩效的另一种渠道,拓宽了我们对民族文化所起的作用的理解。

更新日期:2021-01-29
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