Although simultaneous configuration of product family and supply chains under disruption risks has been studied, the protection strategy to mitigate the impact of disruption and the supplier’s capacity constraint was still not well considered. This paper formulates a bi-level programming model for joint decision-making of product family configuration and order allocation (PCOA), in which the coordination strategy and the protection strategy are used to coordinate capacity-constrained suppliers and reduce supply chains risks, respectively. The upper level seeks for an optimal product configuration by maximising the equivalent utility value per cost of an entire product family. The lower level optimises the order allocation and the protection scheme to minimise the unit supply chain cost. Then, a bi-level optimisation algorithm GA-BAGA, which nested a two-stage method integrated Backtracking Algorithm and Genetic Algorithm in the upper Genetic Algorithm evolution, is developed to solve the proposed PCOA model. A case study of AGV forklift clarifies that the bi-level optimisation is feasible and effective for PCOA problem, and use of the coordination strategy and the protection strategy can reduce the supply chain cost and increase the utility value per cost.

尽管已经研究了在中断风险下产品系列和供应链的同时配置，但仍未充分考虑到缓解中断影响和供应商能力约束的保护策略。本文提出了一种用于产品系列配置和订单分配（PCOA）联合决策的双层规划模型，该模型中的协调策略和保护策略分别用于协调能力受限的供应商和降低供应链风险。最高层通过最大化整个产品系列的每单位成本的等效效用值来寻求最佳的产品配置。下层优化了订单分配和保护方案，以最大程度地降低单位供应链成本。然后，采用双层优化算法GA-BAGA，为了解决提出的PCOA模型，提出了在上层遗传算法的演化过程中嵌套两阶段的方法，即结合回溯算法和遗传算法。AGV叉车的案例研究表明，双层优化对于PCOA问题是可行和有效的，并且使用协调策略和保护策略可以减少供应链成本并提高每成本的效用价值。