With the gradual promotion and in-depth application of cloud manufacturing platform, some deep-seated problems restricting enterprises to go to the cloud are gradually exposed. Lack of trust and security of cloud manufacturing platforms are the bottleneck problems. How to ensure the credit of both trading sides and reduce the transaction risk and transaction cost are still urgent problems to be solved. In recent years, with the continuous development and maturity of blockchain technology, it has attracted widespread attention in the manufacturing field. Its characteristics of trustlessness, anti-tampering, traceability, and high transparency provide new ideas for the development of cloud manufacturing platforms and solving the above problems. However, the traditional consensus protocol has problems such as token dependence and high energy consumption, which is not suitable for the special scenario of cloud manufacturing with a large number of big deals. This paper proposes a blockchain consensus protocol of “Proof of Service Power” (PoSP) for application scenarios of cloud manufacturing. The consensus mechanism uses historical transaction information accumulated by member nodes in a cloud manufacturing system to calculate the service power of member nodes, which greatly reduces energy consumption in the Proof of Work (PoW) process. An introduction of the credit incentive mechanism makes PoSP consensus protocol get rid of token dependence while providing a quantitative basis for trust evaluation for each participant in the cloud manufacturing system. The experimental results show that the consensus mechanism for proof of service power has a good incentive effect, and it has lower energy consumption and higher transaction per second (TPS) than the proof of work and proof of stake (PoS). This study provides new ideas and a reference pattern for the application of blockchain technology in cloud manufacturing platform.

随着云制造平台的逐步推广和深入应用，逐渐暴露出一些制约企业走向云的深层次问题。云制造平台缺乏信任和安全性是瓶颈问题。如何保证交易双方的信誉，降低交易风险和交易成本仍然是亟待解决的问题。近年来，随着区块链技术的不断发展和成熟，它在制造业领域引起了广泛的关注。它的不信任，防篡改，可追溯性和高度透明的特性为云制造平台的开发和解决上述问题提供了新思路。然而，传统的共识协议存在令牌依赖，能耗高等问题，不适用于有大量大交易的云制造特殊场景。本文针对云制造的应用场景，提出了一种“服务能力证明”（PoSP）的区块链共识协议。共识机制使用云制造系统中成员节点积累的历史交易信息来计算成员节点的服务能力，从而大大减少了工作量证明（PoW）过程中的能耗。信用激励机制的引入使PoSP共识协议摆脱了令牌依赖性，同时为云制造系统中的每个参与者提供了用于信任评估的定量基础。实验结果表明，服务力证明的共识机制具有良好的激励效果，与工作量证明和权益证明相比，具有更低的能耗和更高的每秒交易量。该研究为区块链技术在云制造平台中的应用提供了新思路和参考模式。