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Preadolescents’ Stereotypical Occupational Preferences: a Matter of Competence or Culture?
Child Indicators Research ( IF 2.322 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-29 , DOI: 10.1007/s12187-021-09802-7
Laora Mastari , Bram Spruyt , Jessy Siongers

One of the clearest manifestations of how gender norms come into play, is the overrepresentation of men and women in gender stereotypical occupations. Therefore, this paper studies occupational preferences and their relationship with perceived gender typicality, perceived pressure for gender conformity from friends and discontent with gender boundaries among preadolescents (N = 795) in the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium (Flanders). Discriminant analysis enables us to develop an original and sensitive measure for gendered preferences. Subsequently, we use multivariate regression analyses to study the variation in gendered occupational preferences. Models are separately estimated for boys (n = 395) and girls (n = 400) and further include their academic self-concept, socio-economic and socio-cultural background. The main finding of this study indicates that boys’ and girls’ stereotypical occupational preferences are differently related to gender norms. While boys’ gender stereotypical preferences relate to their perceived pressure for gender conformity from friends, this does not apply to girls. For girls, the results indicate that their stereotypical occupational preferences reflect an important part of their gender typical identity. Moreover, girls who feel confident about their academic capabilities aspire less gender stereotypical occupations. The results also indicate the relevance of considering socio-economic and socio-cultural background variables when studying preadolescents’ occupational preferences.



中文翻译:

Preadolescents的刻板印象的职业偏好:能力还是文化?

性别规范如何发挥作用的最明显体现之一是男女在性别定型观念中的代表性过高。因此,本文研究了在比利时荷兰语地区(佛兰德斯)的职业偏好及其与所感知的性别典型性的关系,所感知的来自朋友的性别整合压力以及对青春期前青少年(N = 795)的性别边界的不满。判别分析使我们能够开发出针对性别偏好的原始而敏感的度量。随后,我们使用多元回归分析来研究性别职业偏好的变化。男童(n = 395)和女童(n= 400),并进一步包括他们的学业自我概念,社会经济和社会文化背景。这项研究的主要发现表明,男孩和女孩的刻板印象的职业偏好与性别规范有不同的关系。尽管男孩的性别陈规定型偏好与他们从朋友那里获得的对性别顺应的感知压力有关,但这不适用于女孩。对于女孩来说,结果表明,其刻板印象的职业偏好反映了其性别典型身份的重要组成部分。此外,对学业能力充满信心的女孩渴望减少性别定型观念的职业。研究结果还表明,在研究青少年的职业偏好时,考虑社会经济和社会文化背景变量的相关性。

更新日期:2021-01-29
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