Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1B (DYRK1B), also known as minibrain-related kinase (MIRK) is one of the best functionally studied members of the DYRK kinase family. DYRKs comprise a family of protein kinases that are emerging modulators of signal transduction pathways, cell proliferation and differentiation, survival, and cell motility. DYRKs were found to participate in several signaling pathways critical for development and cell homeostasis. In this review, we focus on the DYRK1B protein kinase from a functional point of view concerning the signaling pathways through which DYRK1B exerts its cell type-dependent function in a positive or negative manner, in development and human diseases. In particular, we focus on the physiological role of DYRK1B in behavior of stem cells in myogenesis, adipogenesis, spermatogenesis and neurogenesis, as well as in its pathological implication in cancer and metabolic syndrome. Thus, understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate signaling pathways is of high importance. Recent studies have identified a close regulatory connection between DYRK1B and the hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway. Here, we aim to bring together what is known about the functional integration and cross-talk between DYRK1B and several signaling pathways, such as HH, RAS and PI3K/mTOR/AKT, as well as how this might affect cellular and molecular processes in development, physiology, and pathology. Thus, this review summarizes the major known functions of DYRK1B kinase, as well as the mechanisms by which DYRK1B exerts its functions in development and human diseases focusing on the homeostasis of stem and cancer stem cells.

中文翻译：

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小脑相关激酶/双特异性酪氨酸调节激酶​​1B在干/癌干细胞生物学中的意义。

双特异性酪氨酸磷酸化调节激酶1B（DYRK1B），也称为小脑相关激酶（MIRK），是DYRK激酶家族中功能最强大的成员之一。DYRKs包含蛋白激酶家族，这些蛋白激酶是信号转导途径，细胞增殖和分化，存活和细胞运动性的新兴调节剂。发现DYRKs参与对发育和细胞稳态至关重要的几种信号传导途径。在本综述中，我们从功能性观点着眼于DYRK1B蛋白激酶，该信号通路通过DYRK1B在发育和人类疾病中以积极或消极的方式发挥其细胞类型依赖性功能。特别是，我们专注于DYRK1B在干细胞行为中的生理作用，包括成肌，成脂，精子发生和神经发生，及其在癌症和代谢综合征中的病理意义。因此，了解调节信号通路的分子机制非常重要。最近的研究已经确定DYRK1B和刺猬（HH）信号通路之间密切的监管联系。在这里，我们旨在汇集有关DYRK1B与一些信号通路（例如HH，RAS和PI3K / mTOR / AKT）之间的功能整合和串扰的已知信息，以及这可能如何影响发育中的细胞和分子过程，生理学和病理学。因此，本综述总结了DYRK1B激酶的主要已知功能，以及DYRK1B在发育和人类疾病中发挥其功能的机制，重点是干细胞和癌症干细胞的体内平衡。以及其在癌症和代谢综合征中的病理意义。因此，了解调节信号通路的分子机制非常重要。最近的研究已经确定DYRK1B和刺猬（HH）信号通路之间密切的监管联系。在这里，我们旨在汇集有关DYRK1B与一些信号通路（例如HH，RAS和PI3K / mTOR / AKT）之间的功能整合和串扰的已知信息，以及这可能如何影响发育中的细胞和分子过程，生理学和病理学。因此，本综述总结了DYRK1B激酶的主要已知功能，以及DYRK1B在发育和人类疾病中发挥其功能的机制，重点是干细胞和癌症干细胞的体内平衡。以及其在癌症和代谢综合征中的病理意义。因此，了解调节信号通路的分子机制非常重要。最近的研究已经确定DYRK1B和刺猬（HH）信号通路之间密切的监管联系。在这里，我们旨在汇集有关DYRK1B与一些信号通路（例如HH，RAS和PI3K / mTOR / AKT）之间的功能整合和串扰的已知信息，以及这可能如何影响发育中的细胞和分子过程，生理学和病理学。因此，本综述总结了DYRK1B激酶的主要已知功能，以及DYRK1B在发育和人类疾病中发挥其功能的机制，重点是干细胞和癌症干细胞的体内平衡。