The human fear-conditioning paradigm is a widely used procedure to study anxiety. However, merely thinking about the aversive outcome is typically not measured in this procedure. This is surprising because thinking of an aversive event is of clinical relevance (e.g., in the form of intrusions) and theoretical interest. We present two preregistered studies that (a) included thinking of an aversive outcome as an additional dependent variable and (b) compared several interventions to reduce it. We found that mere thinking of an aversive outcome could be successfully conditioned. Among the participants who showed successful acquisition, extinction training was less successful in reducing it than counterconditioning. Presenting new additional outcomes also proved effective to reduce thoughts about the initial outcome when the new outcomes were positive stimuli. Including thinking of the aversive outcome as an additional dependent variable may serve to enhance the understanding of anxiety-related disorders and inform their treatment.

人类恐惧调节范例是研究焦虑症的一种广泛使用的程序。但是，在此过程中通常不会考虑仅考虑厌恶性结果。这是令人惊讶的，因为对厌恶事件的思考具有临床意义（例如，以侵入的形式）和理论意义。我们目前进行了两项预先注册的研究，（a）包括将厌恶性结局视为其他因变量，并且（b）比较了几种干预措施以降低结局。我们发现，仅仅对厌恶结果的思考就可以成功解决。在表现出成功习得的参与者中，灭绝培训在减少习得方面没有成功，而在对抗条件方面更是如此。当新的结果是积极的刺激时，提出新的其他结果也被证明可以有效地减少对初始结果的想法。包括将厌恶性结局视为其他因变量，可能有助于增进对焦虑相关疾病的了解并为他们的治疗提供依据。