Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with impairment in cognitive domains such as verbal memory and executive functions. Very few studies have assessed dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) in BD and its relation to cognitive functioning despite evidence showing its regulatory effects on glucocorticoid action. The aim of our study was to explore the association of cortisol, DHEA-S, and cortisol to DHEA-S ratio with visuospatial memory and executive functioning in BD. Methods: Cognitive performance of 60 bipolar I patients and 30 healthy subjects was evaluated by using Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery tasks targeting visuospatial memory (spatial recognition memory) and executive functions (planning [Stockings of Cambridge; SOC] and attentional set shifting [ID/ED]). Morning serum cortisol and DHEA-S levels were measured in patients. Main effects of cortisol, DHEA-S, and cortisol/DHEA-S ratio for each neurocognitive task were explored in multiple regression analyses correcting for demographic and clinical parameters as well as treatment-related factors (current use of antipsychotic and mood stabilizer medication). Results: Bipolar patients showed poorer performance than healthy subjects in planning and attentional set shifting but not in visuospatial memory. Cortisol to DHEA-S ratio predicted worse performance in planning (SOC). Conclusions: This is the first study to assess memory and executive function in BD in relation to DHEA-S and cortisol to DHEA-S ratio. We report an association of cortisol to DHEA-S ratio with worse performance in planning in bipolar I patients, which warrants further investigation.
Neuropsychobiology

中文翻译：

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双相情感障碍中的皮质醇与硫酸脱氢表雄酮比率和执行功能

简介：双相情感障碍 (BD) 与语言记忆和执行功能等认知领域的损害有关。尽管有证据显示其对糖皮质激素作用的调节作用，但很少有研究评估 BD 中的脱氢表雄酮硫酸盐 (DHEA-S) 及其与认知功能的关系。我们研究的目的是探讨皮质醇、DHEA-S 和皮质醇与 DHEA-S 的比率与 BD 中的视觉空间记忆和执行功能之间的关系。方法：60 名双相 I 型患者和 30 名健康受试者的认知表现通过使用针对视觉空间记忆（空间识别记忆）和执行功能（规划 [Stockings of Cambridge;SOC] 和注意力集转移 [ID/ED]）的剑桥神经心理学测试自动化电池任务进行评估）。在患者中测量早晨血清皮质醇和DHEA-S水平。在校正人口统计学和临床​​参数以及治疗相关因素（当前使用的抗精神病药和情绪稳定剂药物）的多元回归分析中探讨了皮质醇、DHEA-S 和皮质醇/DHEA-S 比率对每个神经认知任务的主要影响。结果：双相情感障碍患者在计划和注意力转移方面表现出比健康受试者差的表现，但在视觉空间记忆方面则不然。皮质醇与 DHEA-S 的比率预示着计划（SOC）的表现较差。结论：这是第一项评估 BD 中记忆和执行功能与 DHEA-S 和皮质醇与 DHEA-S 比率相关的研究。我们报告了皮质醇与 DHEA-S 比率与双相 I 型患者计划中表现较差的关联，这值得进一步研究。
神经心理生物学