ABSTRACT

Virtual Reality (VR) journalism has brought many changes to journalistic practice, calling facticity, accuracy, objectivity and autonomy into question. This study examines factors influencing objectivity and its significance in VR journalism from the perspective of VR content creators. The researcher conducted 27 semi-structured interviews with fact-based VR content creators. The findings showed the diverse understandings of objectivity among VR content creators and the growing acceptance of VR as a subjective experience. The 360° spherical view reduces the ability to frame the content. The different story-paths in interactive VR storytelling may add perspectives to the story. However, the VR user retains the ability to actively explore the virtual environment, deciding what to experience and what to dismiss. VR emphasises user-induced subjectivity in addition to the already existing journalist-induced subjectivity, in which the journalist chooses camera placement and provides a guided experience. Subjectivity is inescapable in VR and its impact is magnified, suggesting extra caution from VR content creators to protect users and affirming the need for the notion of pragmatic objectivity.

摘要

虚拟现实（VR）新闻业给新闻业带来了许多变化，使事实性，准确性，客观性和自主性受到质疑。本研究从VR内容创建者的角度研究了影响客观性的因素及其在VR新闻业中的意义。研究人员对基于事实的VR内容创建者进行了27次半结构化访谈。研究结果表明，VR内容创建者对客观性有多种理解，并且越来越多地接受VR作为一种主观体验。360°球面视图降低了对内容进行构图的能力。交互式VR叙事中的不同故事路径可能会增加故事的视角。但是，VR用户保留了主动探索虚拟环境的能力，可以确定要体验的内容和应放弃的内容。除了已经存在的新闻工作者引起的主观性之外，VR还强调用户引起的主观性，在这种情况下，新闻工作者选择摄像机的放置并提供指导性的体验。VR中不可避免地存在主观性，并且其影响被放大，这表明VR内容创建者要格外谨慎，以保护用户并确认需要务实的客观性这一概念。