The study explores how nationality and gender effect attitudes on the presence, use, and misuse of guns by security forces and civilians in Israel. Using data from a national survey (n = 721), we find that Israelis, Jews, and Arabs have more positive attitudes toward military firearms than civilian gun carry. The vast majority agree that display of military arms increases the public sense of security. Numbers are much lower regarding civilian carry. Most respondents, Jews and Arabs, would interfere if witnessed public misuse of firearms. An intersectional analysis finds (1) a gender gap, men have higher odds of reporting a firearm in the household than women; (2) Jews have more positive attitudes toward firearms than Arabs; (3) Jewish men have more positive attitudes toward civilian carry than Jewish women. This gender gap does not appear among Arabs; (4) Jews are more favorable of self-protection as a justification to use arms than Arabs.

该研究探讨了国籍和性别如何影响以色列安全部队和平民对枪支的使用，使用和滥用的态度。使用来自国家调查的数据（n= 721），我们发现以色列人，犹太人和阿拉伯人对军事枪支的态度比平民持枪更为积极。绝大多数人认为，展示武器可以增强公众的安全感。关于民用携带的人数要少得多。如果目睹公众滥用枪支，大多数受访者（犹太人和阿拉伯人）都会进行干预。交叉分析发现（1）性别差距，男性报告家庭枪支的几率高于女性；（2）犹太人对枪支的态度比阿拉伯人更积极；（3）犹太男人比平民女人对平民携带更为积极的态度。阿拉伯人之间没有出现这种性别差距；（4）犹太人比阿拉伯人更倾向于将自我保护作为使用武器的理由。