ABSTRACT

The infrastructure reconstructions after the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) and related attempts on biodiversity conservation were categorized and reviewed. Seawalls and wave-dissipating blocks reconstructed after the GEJE are examples of gray infrastructure. Reconstructed coastal protection forests and constructed green spaces are “green” infrastructure in the sense of using plants; however, they also seriously damage coastal ecosystems. Present states of coastal protection forests and green spaces would not sufficiently provide ecosystem services expected for a coastal environment. Attempts to conserve biodiversity and landscape, i.e., unreconstructing or downsizing seawalls, setting back seawalls, designating conservation areas, and laying coastal sand on seawalls or mounds of coastal protection forests, have been made and established. However, they were not applied with the concept of green infrastructure, were designed not to deliver ecosystem services, and were independently implemented and isolated without a strategically planned network. Therefore, the network of the sites of these attempts should be planned to deliver the expected ecosystem services. Laying coastal sands on facilities is probably useful for building a type of corridor that links isolated conservation areas. Studies on the present state of biodiversity and other environments and sociological studies are needed to improve ecological services from reconstructed coastal area.

摘要

对东日本大地震（GEJE）后的基础设施重建和生物多样性保护的相关尝试进行了分类和审查。GEJE之后重建的海堤和消浪块是灰色基础设施的例子。重建海岸防护林和人工绿地是植物利用意义上的“绿色”基础设施；然而，它们也严重破坏了沿海生态系统。沿海防护林和绿地的现状不足以提供沿海环境所期望的生态系统服务。已经做出并建立了保护生物多样性和景观的尝试，即不重建或缩小海堤、后退海堤、指定保护区、在海堤或沿海防护林堆上铺设海岸沙。然而，它们没有应用绿色基础设施的概念，其设计目的不是提供生态系统服务，并且在没有战略规划网络的情况下独立实施和隔离。因此，应规划这些尝试站点的网络以提供预期的生态系统服务。在设施上铺设沿海沙子可能有助于建造一种连接孤立保护区的走廊。需要研究生物多样性和其他环境的现状以及社会学研究，以改善重建沿海地区的生态服务。应规划这些尝试地点的网络，以提供预期的生态系统服务。在设施上铺设沿海沙子可能有助于建造一种连接孤立保护区的走廊。需要研究生物多样性和其他环境的现状以及社会学研究，以改善重建沿海地区的生态服务。应规划这些尝试地点的网络，以提供预期的生态系统服务。在设施上铺设沿海沙子可能有助于建造一种连接孤立保护区的走廊。需要研究生物多样性和其他环境的现状以及社会学研究，以改善重建沿海地区的生态服务。