We have completed a series of both vented and sealed cookoff experiments of black powder and smokeless powder in our Sandia Instrumented Thermal Ignition (SITI) apparatus at bulk densities of 1078 and 729 kg/m³, respectively. The confining aluminum cylinder was ramped from room temperature to a set point temperature and then held at the setpoint temperature until ignition. The setpoint temperatures varied between 495 to 523 K for the black powder and 401 to 412 K for the more sensitive smokeless powder. The vented experiments show a significant delay in thermal ignition, indicating that the ignition is dependent on pressure. Post experimental debris shows greater violence for our smokeless powder experiments than our black powder experiments. A simplified universal cookoff model (UCM) was calibrated using the black powder and smokeless powder SITI data and used to predict pressurization and thermal ignition. The current work presents the first calibration of the UCM with a double base propellant. This work also presents the first pressure‐dependent cookoff model for black powder and smokeless powder.

中文翻译：

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黑色粉末和无烟粉末的蒸煮

我们已经在Sandia仪表热点火（SITI）设备中以1078和729 kg / m ^3的堆积密度完成了一系列黑色粉末和无烟粉末的排空和密封蒸煮实验。， 分别。将密闭铝缸从室温倾斜至设定点温度，然后保持在设定点温度直至点火。对于黑色粉末，设定温度在495至523 K之间变化；对于更敏感的无烟粉末，设定温度在401至412 K之间变化。排气实验表明，热点火有明显的延迟，表明点火取决于压力。实验后的碎片显示，与无烟粉实验相比，无烟粉实验的暴力行为更大。使用黑火药和无烟火药的SITI数据对简化的通用炊具模型（UCM）进行了校准，并用于预测增压和热点火。当前的工作是使用双基推进剂对UCM进行的首次校准。