Disturbance is a key factor shaping ecological communities, but little is understood about how the effects of disturbance processes accumulate over time. When disturbance regimes change, historical processes may influence future community structure, for example, by altering invasibility compared to communities with stable regimes. Here, we use an annual plant model to investigate how the history of disturbance alters invasion success. In particular, we show how two communities can have different outcomes from species introduction, solely due to past differences in disturbance regimes that generated different biotic legacies. We demonstrate that historical differences can enhance or suppress the persistence of introduced species, and that biotic legacies generated by stable disturbance history decay over time, though legacies can persist for unexpectedly long durations. This establishes a formal theoretical foundation for disturbance legacies having profound effects on communities, and highlights the value of further research on the biotic legacies of disturbance.

中文翻译：

---

干扰史如何改变入侵成功：生物遗产和政权变化

扰动是影响生态群落的关键因素，但人们对扰动过程的影响如何随着时间累积而了解甚少。当骚扰制度发生变化时，历史过程可能会影响未来的社区结构，例如，与具有稳定制度的社区相比，通过改变其入侵性。在这里，我们使用年度工厂模型来调查干扰历史如何改变入侵成功。特别是，我们展示了两个社区如何可能因引入物种而产生不同的结果，这完全是由于过去产生不同生物遗产的干扰制度存在差异。我们证明了历史差异可以增强或抑制引入物种的持久性，并且稳定干扰历史产生的生物遗产会随着时间的流逝而衰减，尽管遗留物可能会持续很长的时间。这为对社区产生深远影响的干扰遗产建立了正式的理论基础，并强调了进一步研究干扰生物遗产的价值。