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European West Coast atmospheric rivers: A scale to characterize strength and impacts
Weather and Climate Extremes ( IF 8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.wace.2021.100305
Jorge Eiras-Barca , Alexandre M. Ramos , Iago Algarra , Marta Vázquez , Francina Dominguez , Gonzalo Miguez-Macho , Raquel Nieto , Luis Gimeno , Juan Taboada , F. Martin Ralph

This manuscript applies the recently-created atmospheric river intensity and impacts scale (AR Scale) to the European continent. The AR Scale uses an Eulerian perspective based solely upon the time series of integrated vapor transport (IVT) over a given geographic location (often represented by a model or reanalysis “grid cell”). The scale assigns events with persistent, strong IVT at that location to one of five levels (AR1 to AR5), or if the IVT is too weak or short-lived it is determined not to be an AR. AR1 events are primarily beneficial, AR2, 3 and 4 include a mix of beneficial and hazardous impacts, while AR5s are primarily hazardous. The frequency of occurrence, the associated probability of anomalous precipitation and the amount of precipitation explained by each AR rank are provided across Europe for the extended winter season (from October through March). AR1 and AR2 events are the most frequent and explain most of the observed precipitation, but they are associated with a low probability of extreme rainfall. Although AR3, AR4 and AR5 events are much less frequent, and normally provide a smaller fraction of annual precipitation, they are associated with a high probability of extreme rainfall. These results show remarkable variability among the different regions of the European continent. This manuscript also provides an AR detection catalog over Europe for the period 1980–2019, and a simplified version of the algorithm used to rank the events from AR1 to AR5.



中文翻译:

欧洲西海岸大气河流:表征强度和影响的量表

该手稿将最近创建的大气河流强度和影响尺度(AR Scale)应用于欧洲大陆。AR量表仅基于给定地理位置(通常由模型或重新分析“网格单元”表示)的整体蒸气传输(IVT)的时间序列使用欧拉观点。量表将在该位置具有持久性强IVT的事件分配给五个级别之一(AR1至AR5),或者如果IVT太弱或寿命短,则将其确定为不是AR。AR1事件主要是有益的,AR2、3和4包括有益影响和有害影响的混合,而AR5事件主要是有害的。发生的频率,在整个冬季(从10月到3月),整个欧洲都提供了异常降水的相关概率和每个AR等级所解释的降水量。AR1和AR2事件是最频繁的事件,可以解释大部分观测到的降水,但它们与极端降雨的可能性低相关。尽管AR3,AR4和AR5事件的发生频率要低得多,并且通常仅占年降水量的一小部分,但它们与极端降雨的可能性很高。这些结果显示出欧洲大陆不同地区之间的显着差异。该手稿还提供了1980-2019年欧洲的AR检测目录,以及用于对事件从AR1到AR5进行排名的算法的简化版本。AR1和AR2事件是最频繁的事件,可以解释大部分观测到的降水,但它们与极端降雨的可能性低相关。尽管AR3,AR4和AR5事件的发生频率要低得多,并且通常仅占年降水量的一小部分,但它们与极端降雨的可能性很高。这些结果显示出欧洲大陆不同地区之间的显着差异。该手稿还提供了1980-2019年欧洲的AR检测目录,以及用于对事件从AR1到AR5进行排名的算法的简化版本。AR1和AR2事件是最频繁的事件,可以解释大部分观测到的降水,但它们与极端降雨的可能性低相关。尽管AR3,AR4和AR5事件的发生频率要低得多,并且通常仅占年降水量的一小部分,但它们与极端降雨的可能性很高。这些结果显示出欧洲大陆不同地区之间的显着差异。该手稿还提供了1980-2019年欧洲的AR检测目录,以及用于对事件从AR1到AR5进行排名的算法的简化版本。并且通常只提供较小比例的年降水量,因此极有可能出现极端降雨。这些结果显示出欧洲大陆不同地区之间的显着差异。该手稿还提供了1980-2019年欧洲的AR检测目录,以及用于对事件从AR1到AR5进行排名的算法的简化版本。并且通常只提供较小比例的年降水量,因此极有可能出现极端降雨。这些结果显示出欧洲大陆不同地区之间的显着差异。该手稿还提供了1980-2019年欧洲的AR检测目录,以及用于对事件从AR1到AR5进行排名的算法的简化版本。

更新日期:2021-02-01
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