Abstract

The main manganese consumer is ferrous metallurgy. The global volume of manganese ferroalloys production is ~1% of the volume of steel production. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia was cut off from a manganese ore base. Currently, only high-carbon ferromanganese and ferrosilicomanganese are smelted in Russia from imported ore in a limited amount. The mineral resource base of manganese ores in Russia is quite large: the balance reserves of manganese ores are about 230 million tons (~2% of the world), the projected resources are more than 1 billion tons. The quality of the manganese ores in Russia is lower than that of manganese ores in most of the main producing countries. The average manganese content in Russian ores is 9–23%. The mineral resource base of the manganese ores is made up of carbonate ores, which account for more than 77%. Recovery of manganese ores in Russia is carried out irregularly and does not exceed 66 thousand tons/year. The demand of Russian ferroalloy plants producing manganese ferroalloys for manganese ores and concentrates is covered by imports. The acceleration of the creation of the domestic manganese ore base from the standpoint of economic security is quite a pressing issue. It is necessary to solve a number of issues related to the following: the treatment of poor manganese ores, the development of effective technologies for smelting manganese ferroalloys from concentrates obtained after the treatment of these ores, as well as the creation of more advanced methods for dephosphorization of manganese concentrates. In the production of manganese ferroalloys from ore to finished alloys, about 50% of manganese extracted from the subsoil is lost, a large amount of by-products is formed (treatment sludge, slags, screenings of fine fractions of ore raw materials and finished products, sludge from the smelting process and dust), its utilization makes it possible not only to reduce the consumption of raw mineral materials, but also to increase the efficiency of the main production, as well as to reduce environmental pollution. Additional recovery of manganese from industrial waste and improvement of technological processes for smelting manganese ferroalloys are ways to increase the through manganese recovery.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯冶金中的锰问题

摘要

锰的主要消费国是黑色冶金。锰铁合金的全球产量约为钢铁产量的1％。苏联解体后，俄罗斯与锰矿基地脱离了联系。目前，俄罗斯仅从进口矿石中限量冶炼高碳锰铁和硅铁锰铁。俄罗斯锰矿石的矿产资源基础非常大：锰矿石的储量约为2.3亿吨（约占世界的2％），预计资源超过10亿吨。俄罗斯的锰矿石质量低于大多数主要生产国的锰矿石质量。俄罗斯矿石中的平均锰含量为9-23％。锰矿石的矿产资源基础是碳酸盐矿石，占77％以上。俄罗斯不定期进行锰矿石的回收，每年不超过6.6万吨。俄罗斯的铁合金工厂生产锰铁合金用于锰矿石和精矿的需求被进口所覆盖。从经济安全的角度来看，加快建立国内锰矿基地是一个紧迫的问题。有必要解决与以下有关的许多问题：贫锰矿石的处理，开发从这些矿石处理后的精矿中冶炼锰铁合金的有效技术，以及创造更先进的方法来解决这些问题。锰精矿的脱磷。从矿石到成品合金的锰铁合金生产过程中，从底土中提取的锰大约损失了50％，形成大量的副产品（处理污泥，炉渣，矿石原料和成品的细碎筛分，冶炼过程中产生的污泥和粉尘），其利用不仅可以减少原矿的消耗材料，还可以提高主要生产效率，以及减少环境污染。从工业废料中额外回收锰以及改善冶炼锰铁合金的工艺流程是增加锰回收率的方法。而且还可以提高主要生产的效率，以及减少环境污染。从工业废料中额外回收锰以及改善冶炼锰铁合金的工艺流程是增加锰回收率的方法。而且还可以提高主要生产的效率，以及减少环境污染。从工业废料中额外回收锰以及改善冶炼锰铁合金的工艺流程是增加锰回收率的方法。