Abstract

A brief description of the stages of winter wheat breeding in the Non-Chernozem Zone of the Russian Federation is given. The characteristics of the Mironovskaya 808, Pamyati Fedina, Inna, and Moskovskaya 39 varieties were given in comparison with the new Nemchinovskaya 85 and Moskovskaya 27 varieties in terms of yield, productivity elements, and protein content in grain for 5 years of research (2015–2019). The grain yield in the Nemchinovskaya 85 variety (submitted for state variety testing in 2018) was 7.9 t/ha (maximum yield was 10.1 t/ha), while that in the Moskovskaya 27 variety (2019) was 7.7 t/ha (8.89 t/ha); the protein content in grain was 15.0 and 14.4%, respectively. A significant excess of these varieties in terms of yield over the varieties of the earlier breeding stages and the Moskovskaya 39 standard was shown. The data on the constant lines of the F₅ generation of the hybrid combination Boema × Mera, combining large-grain, short-stemming, and high protein content in the grain, are presented. Correlation analysis confirmed the possibility of combining a low plant height and a high mass of 1000 grains in one genotype. The best lines of this combination are seeded in the breeding and control nurseries.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯联邦非黑麦草地区的冬小麦品种基因型特征

摘要

简要介绍了俄罗斯联邦非切尔诺则姆地区冬小麦的育种阶段。在5年的研究中，相对于新的Nemchinovskaya 85和Moskovskaya 27品种，在谷物的产量，生产力和蛋白质含量方面进行了5年研究（2015年– 2019）。Nemchinovskaya 85品种（2018年接受国家品种测试）的谷物产量为7.9吨/公顷（最大产量为10.1吨/公顷），而Moskovskaya 27品种（2019）的谷物产量为7.7吨/公顷（8.89吨） /哈）; 谷物中的蛋白质含量分别为15.0％和14.4％。这些品种在产量方面比早期育种阶段和Moskovskaya 39标准的品种明显过量。_介绍了5代杂交组合Boema×Mera，将大粒，短梗和高蛋白质含量结合在一起。相关性分析证实了在一个基因型中将低株高和高质量的1000个谷物结合在一起的可能性。这种组合的最佳品系种在育种和控制苗圃中。