Life cycle assessment (LCA) is considered a holistic approach in evaluating the environmental impacts of a product in its life cycle. Recently, LCA method has been applied in the shipping and shipbuilding sectors. In order to provide a comprehensive LCA research in the field of naval architecture, this study uses LCA method to assess the environmental performance of a Panamax oil tanker in its whole life cycle. The ship’s life cycle including transportation activities is divided into five phases: raw material extraction & production, shipbuilding, operation, maintenance, and ship’s end of life. CML 2001 is chosen as the life cycle impact assessment methodology. GaBi software is used to obtain the life cycle emission inventory and environmental impacts. The results show the contributions of each life cycle phase to the total life cycle. Detailed emissions and environmental impacts of the ship are also analyzed. Due to huge amount of fuel consumed in ship operation, this phase dominates the emissions and environmental impact, compared with other phases. This study gives to the LCA practitioners a cradle-to-grave LCA example that could be useful for future researches in the field of shipping and shipbuilding sectors.

生命周期评估（LCA）被认为是评估产品生命周期中的环境影响的整体方法。最近，LCA方法已应用于航运和造船领域。为了在海军建筑领域提供全面的LCA研究，本研究使用LCA方法评估巴拿马型油轮在其整个生命周期中的环境性能。包括运输活动在内的船舶生命周期分为五个阶段：原料提取与生产，造船，运营，维护和船舶寿命终止。选择CML 2001作为生命周期影响评估方法。砷化镓该软件用于获取生命周期排放清单和环境影响。结果显示了每个生命周期阶段对整个生命周期的贡献。还分析了船舶的详细排放和环境影响。由于在船舶运营中消耗了大量的燃料，因此与其他阶段相比，该阶段在排放和环境影响方面占主导地位。这项研究为LCA从业人员提供了一个从摇篮到坟墓的LCA示例，该示例可能对将来在航运和造船领域的研究有用。