ABSTRACT

This paper presents a comparative study that examines attitudes towards female and male breadwinners in Western societies. Data from Wave 6 of the World Values Study are used to analyse attitudes in three countries with historically different gender contracts: Germany (male breadwinner), Sweden (dual-breadwinner), and the United States (male breadwinner and female breadwinner). The findings indicate that although women are more likely than their male counterparts to believe men should not be entitled to jobs over women, they also view female breadwinners as problematic. Men are largely supportive of both men and women being a family’s financial breadwinner. Cross-national comparisons show that women and men in Germany have the most conservative views and that those in Sweden have more liberal beliefs. Accounting for differences in education and employment status did not explain the gender differences in attitudes. The impact of our findings for promoting greater gender equity is discussed.

摘要

本文提出了一项比较研究，考察了西方社会对男性和女性养家糊口者的态度。《世界价值研究》第6轮的数据用于分析三个历史上具有不同性别契约的国家的态度：德国（男性养家糊口），瑞典（双重面包养家）和美国（男性养家糊口和女性养家糊口）。调查结果表明，尽管与男性男性相比，女性更有可能认为男性无权胜任女性，但她们也认为女性养家糊口的人有问题。男人在很大程度上支持男人和女人成为家庭的经济支柱。跨国比较显示，德国的男人和女人的看法最为保守，瑞典的男人和女人的看法更为自由。考虑教育和就业状况的差异并不能解释态度上的性别差异。讨论了我们的发现对促进更大的性别平等的影响。