In present times, non-renewable energy resources are dwindling at a faster rate. It has, therefore, become very essential to develop new alternative sources of energy to overcome this problem. The use of microalgae and its biomass as a starting material has received much interest in recent years because of its eco-friendly nature, biodegradability and lower net carbon cycle and these features are in sharp contrast with those of conventional petroleum fuels. Microalgae are photosynthetic organisms which accumulate chemical energy during their vegetative propagation. Utilizing these microalgae as a feedstock to produce renewable fuel is an emerging trend. The present work starts with a discussion on the different culturing techniques followed by an in-depth evaluation of the various processes that use microalgae and its biomass for biofuel production. This review also gives a glance of the current scenario and the merits and demerits of every process. The entire process of developing biofuel from algal mass is being carried out at research level. More works are yet to be conducted to overcome the difficulties in implementing the process of full-fledged exploitation of micro-algae for biofuel production at industry level.

当前，不可再生能源正在以更快的速度减少。因此，开发新的替代能源来克服这个问题变得非常重要。近年来，由于微藻及其生物质的生态友好性，可生物降解性和较低的净碳循环，因此将微藻及其生物质用作起始原料备受关注，这些特征与常规石油燃料形成鲜明对比。微藻是光合生物，在其营养繁殖期间会累积化学能。利用这些微藻类作为原料生产可再生燃料是一种新兴趋势。本工作首先讨论不同的培养技术，然后对使用微藻及其生物质生产生物燃料的各种工艺进行深入评估。这次审查还使我们了解了当前情况以及每个过程的优缺点。从藻类物质开发生物燃料的整个过程正在研究水平上进行。为了在工业层面上实施用于生物燃料生产的微藻全面开发过程中的困难，还有更多工作要做。