Blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) were randomly assigned into three diets: normal-carbohydrate diet (NCD, 30% carbohydrate, w/w), high-carbohydrate diet (HCD, 43% carbohydrate), and HCB (HCD supplemented with 50 mg/kg berberine (BBR)). After 10 weeks’ feeding trial, the results showed that higher levels of plasma glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were observed in HCD-fed fish than in NCD-fed fish, while HCB feeding significantly ameliorated this effect. Moreover, HCB feeding remarkably reversed HCD-induced hepatic glycogen and lipid contents. In insulin signaling, BBR inclusion restored HCD-induced suppression of insulin receptor substrate mRNA expression and elevation of forkhead transcription factor 1 mRNA expression. In glucose metabolism, upregulated glucose transporter 2 and glycogen synthase mRNA expressions in the HCD group were observed compared to the NCD group. However, BBR adding reduced the mRNA expressions of glycogen synthase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and glucose-6-phosphatase and increased the transcriptional levels of glucose transporter 2 and pyruvate kinase. In lipid metabolism, BBR supplementation could reverse downregulated hepatic carnitine palmitoyl transferase I mRNA expression and upregulated hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase mRNA expressions in the HCD group. Taken together, it demonstrates that BBR could improve glucose metabolism of this species via enhancing liver’s glycolysis and insulin signaling, while inhibiting liver’s glycogen synthesis and gluconeogenesis. It also indicates that BBR could reduce the metabolic burden of the liver by inhibiting fat synthesis and promoting lipid decomposition, and then enhance fat uptake in peripheral tissues.

钝性鼻鲷（Megalobrama amblycephala）被随机分为三种饮食：普通碳水化合物饮食（NCD，30％碳水化合物，w / w），高碳水化合物饮食（HCD，43％碳水化合物）和HCB（HCD补充50 mg / kg小ber碱（BBR））。经过10周的饲喂试验后，结果表明，饲喂HCD的鱼比服用NCD的鱼血浆葡萄糖，甘油三酸酯和总胆固醇水平更高，而HCB饲喂则明显改善了这种效果。此外，六氯代苯喂养显着逆转了HCD诱导的肝糖原和脂质含量。在胰岛素信号传导中，BBR包涵体恢复了HCD诱导的胰岛素受体底物mRNA表达的抑制和前叉转录因子1的升高mRNA表达。在葡萄糖代谢中，与NCD组相比，HCD组的葡萄糖转运蛋白2和糖原合酶mRNA表达上调。但是，添加BBR会降低糖原合酶，磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶和葡萄糖6磷酸酶的mRNA表达，并增加葡萄糖转运蛋白2和丙酮酸激酶的转录水平。在脂质代谢中，补充BBR可以逆转肝肉碱棕榈酰转移酶I mRNA表达下调和肝乙酰辅酶A羧化酶和脂肪酸合成酶上调HCD组中的mRNA表达。两者合计，表明BBR可以通过增强肝脏的糖酵解和胰岛素信号传导来改善该物种的葡萄糖代谢，同时抑制肝脏的糖原合成和糖异生。这还表明，BBR可以通过抑制脂肪合成和促进脂质分解来减轻肝脏的代谢负担，然后增强周围组织的脂肪吸收。