A two-stage alcoholysis was developed for improved conversion of furfural residue (FR) into levulinic acid (LA) and methyl levulinate (ML). Mixed acids including 0.01 M of H₂SO₄ and Al₂(SO₄)₃ and methanol/water (50/50 v/v%) were identified as the suitable catalyst and reaction medium. The optimum alcoholysis conditions were 198 °C and 1.5 h for the 1st stage and then 163 °C and 1.3 h for the 2nd stage, and the maximum total yield of LA and ML can reach 25.64%. The reaction kinetics and possible conversion pathways for ML and LA production were proposed. On the basis, HCOOH/H₂O₂ pretreatment was screened for the pretreatment of FR, which increased the cellulose content of FR from 40.01 to 71.91%. The maximum total yield of LA and ML from pretreated FR was 44.96% under the optimum conditions of 195 °C and 1.9 h for the 1st stage and then 166 °C and 1.1 h for the 2nd stage, which was 16.09% higher than that of isothermal alcoholysis. The reusability tests showed that the Al₂(SO₄)₃ was stable and can be reused at least 5 times. This study developed a new method for high-value utilization of FR and cleaner production of LA and ML.

开发了一种两阶段醇解法，以改善糠醛残基（FR）转化为乙酰丙酸（LA）和乙酰丙酸甲酯（ML）的转化。包含0.01 M的H ₂ SO ₄和Al ₂（SO ₄）₃和甲醇/水（50/50 v / v％）的混合酸被确定为合适的催化剂和反应介质。第一步的最佳醇解条件为198°C和1.5 h，第二阶段为163°C和1.3 h，LA和ML的最大总收率可达25.64％。提出了ML和LA生产的反应动力学和可能的转化途径。在此基础上，HCOOH / H ₂ O ₂筛选了用于FR的预处理，FR将FR的纤维素含量从40.01增加到71.91％。在第一阶段195°C和1.9 h，第二阶段166°C和1.1 h的最佳条件下，预处理FR的LA和ML的最大总收率为44.96％，比第二阶段高出16.09％。等温醇解。可重复使用性测试表明，Al ₂（SO ₄）₃稳定并且可以重复使用至少5次。这项研究开发了一种新的方法，可以高价值地利用FR并清洁生产LA和ML。