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A reconstruction of the recent fire regimes of Majete Wildlife Reserve, Malawi, using remote sensing
Fire Ecology ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-26 , DOI: 10.1186/s42408-020-00090-0
Willem A. Nieman , Brian W. van Wilgen , Alison J. Leslie

Fire is an important process that shapes the structure and functioning of African savanna ecosystems, and managers of savanna protected areas use fire to achieve ecosystem goals. Developing appropriate fire management policies should be based on an understanding of the determinants, features, and effects of prevailing fire regimes, but this information is rarely available. In this study, we report on the use of remote sensing to develop a spatially explicit dataset on past fire regimes in Majete Wildlife Reserve, Malawi, between 2001 and 2019. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images were used to evaluate the recent fire regime for two distinct vegetation types in Majete Wildlife Reserve, namely savanna and miombo. Additionally, a comparison was made between MODIS and Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) images by separately evaluating selected aspects of the fire regime between 2012 and 2019. Mean fire return intervals were four and six years for miombo and savanna vegetation, respectively, but the distribution of fire return intervals was skewed, with a large proportion of the area burning annually or biennially, and a smaller proportion experiencing much longer fire return intervals. Variation in inter-annual rainfall also resulted in longer fire return intervals during cycles of below-average rainfall. Fires were concentrated in the hot-dry season despite a management intent to restrict burning to the cool-dry season. Mean fire intensities were generally low, but many individual fires had intensities of 14 to 18 times higher than the mean, especially in the hot-dry season. The VIIRS sensors detected many fires that were overlooked by the MODIS sensors, as images were collected at a finer scale. Remote sensing has provided a useful basis for reconstructing the recent fire regime of Majete Wildlife Reserve, and has highlighted a current mismatch between intended fire management goals and actual trends. Managers should re-evaluate fire policies based on our findings, setting clearly defined targets for the different vegetation types and introducing flexibility to accommodate natural variation in rainfall cycles. Local evidence of the links between fires and ecological outcomes will require further research to improve fire planning.

中文翻译:

使用遥感重建马拉维Majete野生动物保护区最近的火灾状况

着火是塑造非洲热带稀树草原生态系统结构和功能的重要过程,热带稀树草原保护区的管理人员利用着火来实现生态系统目标。制定适当的消防管理政策应基于对现行消防制度的决定因素,特征和影响的理解,但是很少获得此信息。在这项研究中,我们报告了2001年至2019年之间使用遥感技术开发的马拉维Majete野生动物保护区过去火灾状况的空间显式数据集。中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)图像用于评估近期火灾情况Majete野生动物保护区的两种不同植被类型,即热带稀树草原和miombo。另外,通过分别评估2012年至2019年之间火情的选定方面,对MODIS和可见光红外成像仪辐射仪套件(VIIRS)的图像进行了比较。密波罗和稀树草原植被的平均回火间隔分别为4年和6年,但分布情况的回火间隔偏斜,每年或每两年一次的燃烧面积很大,而较小的则经历更长的回火间隔。年降雨量的变化还导致在低于平均水平的降雨周期中,较长的回火间隔。尽管管理层将燃烧限制在冷干季节,但火灾仍集中在干热季节。平均起火强度通常较低,但是许多单独的起火强度是平均起火强度的14至18倍,特别是在干季。VIIRS传感器检测到许多火灾,而MODIS传感器却忽略了这些火灾,因为图像的采集规模较小。遥感为重建Majete野生动物保护区的近期火灾状况提供了有用的基础,并突显了当前的预期消防管理目标与实际趋势之间的不匹配。管理人员应根据我们的发现重新评估消防政策,为不同的植被类型设定明确的目标,并引入灵活性以适应降雨周期中的自然变化。火灾与生态后果之间联系的本地证据将需要进一步研究以改善火灾计划。遥感为重建Majete野生动物保护区的近期火灾状况提供了有用的基础,并突显了当前的预期消防管理目标与实际趋势之间的不匹配。管理人员应根据我们的发现重新评估消防政策,为不同的植被类型设定明确的目标,并引入灵活性以适应降雨周期中的自然变化。火灾与生态后果之间联系的本地证据将需要进一步研究以改善火灾计划。遥感为重建Majete野生动物保护区的近期火灾状况提供了有用的基础,并突显了当前的预期消防管理目标与实际趋势之间的不匹配。管理人员应根据我们的发现重新评估消防政策,为不同的植被类型设定明确的目标,并引入灵活性以适应降雨周期中的自然变化。火灾与生态后果之间联系的本地证据将需要进一步研究以改善火灾计划。为不同的植被类型设定明确的目标,并引入灵活性以适应降雨周期中的自然变化。火灾与生态后果之间联系的本地证据将需要进一步研究以改善火灾计划。为不同的植被类型设定明确的目标,并引入灵活性以适应降雨周期中的自然变化。火灾与生态后果之间联系的本地证据将需要进一步研究以改善火灾计划。
更新日期:2021-01-26
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