The influence of the addition of various non-ionic surfactants to poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-based monolith formulations was studied. Eight non-ionic surfactants having different chemistries were chosen for this study. These surfactants were Brij L4, Span 80, IGEPAL CO-520, Tergitol 15S9, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol ethoxylate, Tween 40, Triton X-405, and Tetronic 701. The chemical structures of these surfactants have a variety of functional groups and cover a wide range of molecular weights (360–3600 g/mol), viscosities (60–1500 cP), and hydrophilic–lipophilic balances (1.0–17.6). The formed polymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, surface area measurement by the Brunauer–Emmet–Teller method, elemental analysis, and Fourier transform infrared. Four formulations, involving the use of surfactants, resulted in permeable materials when prepared in 150 μm ID silica capillaries. The chromatographic performance of the resulting columns in reversed-phase mode was evaluated and compared using a mixture of alkyl benzenes as test analytes. The highest efficiency and methylene selectivity were observed when Tween 40 was included in the formulation, using decane/decanol/dodecanol as coporogens. This porogenic mixture was successfully used for preparation of monolithic columns from a selection of methacrylate- and styrene-based monomers, including butylmethacrylate, hydroxyethymethacrylate, laurylmethacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, bisphenol diacrylate, benzylmethacrylate, and N,N-dimethylacrylamide, as well as for divinylbenzene. These results show the applicability of this porogenic mixture for a variety of monolithic formulations, providing an approach for developing a universal porogen system.

中文翻译：

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非离子表面活性剂作为多孔聚合物整体料通用成孔剂体系的添加剂

研究了将各种非离子表面活性剂添加到聚（乙二醇）二丙烯酸酯基整体料配方中的影响。本研究选择了八种化学性质不同的非离子表面活性剂。这些表面活性剂是Brij L4，Span 80，IGEPAL CO-520，Tergitol 15S9、2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇乙氧基化物，吐温40，Triton X-405和Tetronic 701。这些表面活性剂的化学结构具有多种官能团，涵盖各种分子量（360–3600 g / mol），粘度（60–1500 cP）和亲水–亲脂平衡（1.0–17.6）。形成的聚合物通过扫描电子显微镜，通过Brunauer-Emmet-Teller方法进行表面积测量，元素分析和傅里叶变换红外光谱进行表征。涉及使用表面活性剂的四种配方，当使用150μm内径的二氧化硅毛细管制备时，产生可渗透的材料。使用烷基苯的混合物作为测试分析物，评估并比较了所得色谱柱在反相模式下的色谱性能。当使用癸烷/癸醇/十二烷醇作为助孔剂时，在配方中包含吐温40时，观察到最高的效率和亚甲基选择性。该成孔混合物已成功地用于从各种甲基丙烯酸酯和苯乙烯基单体中制备整体柱，这些单体包括甲基丙烯酸丁酯，甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯，甲基丙烯酸月桂酯，甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯，双酚二丙烯酸酯，甲基丙烯酸苄酯和 使用烷基苯的混合物作为测试分析物，评估并比较了所得色谱柱在反相模式下的色谱性能。当使用癸烷/癸醇/十二烷醇作为助孔剂时，在配方中包含吐温40时，观察到最高的效率和亚甲基选择性。该成孔混合物已成功地用于从各种甲基丙烯酸酯和苯乙烯基单体中制备整体柱，这些单体包括甲基丙烯酸丁酯，甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯，甲基丙烯酸月桂酯，甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯，双酚二丙烯酸酯，甲基丙烯酸苄酯和 使用烷基苯的混合物作为测试分析物评估并比较了反相模式下所得色谱柱的色谱性能。当使用癸烷/癸醇/十二烷醇作为助孔剂时，在配方中包含吐温40时，观察到最高的效率和亚甲基选择性。该成孔混合物已成功地用于从各种甲基丙烯酸酯和苯乙烯基单体中制备整体柱，这些单体包括甲基丙烯酸丁酯，甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯，甲基丙烯酸月桂酯，甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯，双酚二丙烯酸酯，甲基丙烯酸苄酯和N，N-二甲基丙烯酰胺，以及用于二乙烯基苯。这些结果表明该成孔混合物可用于多种整体制剂，为开发通用成孔剂系统提供了一种方法。