Indonesia has the fourth largest population in the world and in the coming years food production will need to catch up with its growth. To fulfill the protein demand of this growing population, the productivity of the Indonesian agricultural sector should be increased. This can be achieved either by expanding the agricultural land or by increasing the productivity of existing agricultural land and protein use efficiency. An expansion of agricultural land is not always possible or desirable: large parts of Indonesia comprise forest areas, including tropical rain forests. Consequently, the optimization of the use of existing agricultural land is inevitable. The present manuscript describes and discusses the current protein consumption and production in Indonesia. It presents the levels predicted for 2035, which would imply a strong gap between consumption and production. Alternatives therefore need to be considered to avoid protein shortage in the future. These would include the use of new biomass resources, utilization of agricultural residues as alternative protein sources for feed and other nonfood applications, and biorefining of biomass sources. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

中文翻译：

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蛋白质挑战：匹配印度尼西亚的未来需求和供应

印度尼西亚拥有世界第四大人口，在未来几年中，粮食产量将需要赶上其增长速度。为了满足不断增长的人口对蛋白质的需求，应该提高印度尼西亚农业部门的生产力。这可以通过扩大农业用地或通过增加现有农业用地的生产率和蛋白质利用效率来实现。扩大农业用地并非总是可能或不可取的：印度尼西亚的大部分地区包括森林地区，包括热带雨林。因此，优化现有农业土地的使用是不可避免的。本手稿描述并讨论了印尼目前的蛋白质消费和生产。它显示了2035年的预测水平，这意味着消费与生产之间的巨大差距。因此，需要考虑替代方案以避免将来蛋白质短缺。这些措施包括利用新的生物质资源，利用农业残留物作为饲料和其他非食品应用的替代蛋白质来源，以及生物质来源的生物精制。©2021化学工业协会和John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd