Nitrification is a major process within the nitrogen (N) cycle leading to global losses of N, including fertiliser N, from natural and agricultural systems and producing significant nitrous oxide emissions. One strategy for the mitigation of these losses involves nitrification inhibition by plant-derived biological nitrification inhibitors (BNIs). Cultivation-based studies of BNIs, including screening for new compounds, have predominantly investigated inhibition of a single ammonia-oxidising bacterium (AOB), Nitrosomonas europaea, even though ammonia oxidation in soil is usually dominated by ammonia-oxidising archaea (AOA), especially in acidic soils, and AOB Nitrosospira sp., rather than Nitrosomonas, in fertilised soils. This study aimed to assess the sensitivity of ammonia oxidation by a range of AOA and AOB pure cultures to BNIs produced by plant roots (methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, sakuranetin and 1,9-decanediol) and shoots (linoleic acid, linolenic acid and methyl linoleate). AOA were generally more sensitive to BNIs than AOB, and sensitivity was greater to BNIs produced by shoots than those produced by roots. Sensitivity also varied within AOA and AOB cultures and between different BNIs. In general, N. europaea was not a good indicator of BNI inhibition, and findings therefore highlight the limitations of use of a single bioassay strain and suggest the use of a broader range of strains that are more representative of natural soil communities.

硝化是氮（N）循环中的一个主要过程，导致自然和农业系统中的氮（包括肥料N）在全球范围内流失，并产生大量的一氧化二氮排放。减轻这些损失的一种策略涉及植物来源的生物硝化抑制剂（BNI）的硝化抑制作用。BNIs的基于培养的研究（包括筛选新化合物）主要研究了对单一氨氧化细菌（AOB），欧洲硝化单胞菌（Nitrosomonas europaea）的抑制作用，尽管土壤中的氨氧化通常以氨氧化古细菌（AOA）为主，尤其是在酸性土壤和AOB Nitrosospira属，而不是亚硝化单胞，在施肥的土壤中。这项研究的目的是评估一系列AOA和AOB纯培养物对氨氧化的敏感性，这些氧化是由植物根（3-（4-羟苯基）丙酸甲酯，樱草素和1,9-癸二醇）和芽（亚油酸，亚麻酸和亚油酸甲酯）。通常，AOA对BNI的敏感性要高于AOB，对芽产生的BNI的敏感性要比根部更高。在AOA和AOB文化中以及不同的BNI之间，敏感性也有所不同。通常，欧洲猪笼草不是BNI抑制的良好指标，因此研究结果突出了使用单一生物测定菌株的局限性，并建议使用更能代表自然土壤群落的更广泛的菌株。