One of the most unfavorable side effects of fixed orthodontic treatment is white spot lesions (WSLs). Although the most important approach is prevention of WSLs, it is also essential to evaluate the efficacy of the remineralization agents. However, there is no concurrence in the literature with respect to the remineralization process of these agents. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different fluoride varnishes, enamel matrix protein, and self-assembling peptide derivatives with varying chemical compositions on remineralization of artificially created WSLs in vitro using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF). Artificial WSLs were created on bovine enamel samples using acidic buffer solution (pH 5, 10 days). Specimens were randomly allocated to six groups (n = 10/group): (1) Emdogain (Straumann, Basel, Switzerland), (2) Curodont Repair (Credentis AG, Switzerland), (3) Duraphat (Colgate-Palmolive, New York, NY), (4) Clinpro XT (3 M ESPE, Pymble, New South Wales, Australia), (5) Enamel Pro Varnish (Premier Dental Products, PA, USA), and (6) control (untreated). The agents were applied to the WSLs according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Fluorescence loss (ΔF), lesion area (area), and impact (ΔQ) values of enamel surfaces were quantified by QLF-D BiluminatorTM (Inspektor-Pro, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) at baseline and after 7, 14, and 21 days of application of the respective materials. ΔF value presented a significantly decreasing trend throughout the 21 days for all groups except the Duraphat and Enamel Pro varnishes. The changes between 14th and 21st days of the Clinpro XT varnish application were significantly higher than Emdogain, Curodont, and Enamel Pro. The Curodont group showed higher lesion area changes between the first and second week in comparison to the Emdogain, Clinpro XT, and Enamel Pro groups, whereas Clinpro XT assured the highest reduction from the second to the third week of the observation period. The fluorescence loss was significantly reduced with enamel matrix protein, self-assembling peptide, and light-curable fluoride varnishes in the analysis for 21 days. Curodont and Clinpro XT were effective in diminishing the fluorescence loss and lesion area compared to the Duraphat, Enamel Pro fluoride varnishes, and Emdogain in different time points.

中文翻译：

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氟化物清漆，自组装肽基再矿化剂和牙釉质基质蛋白衍生物对人工牙釉质再矿化的比较评估

固定正畸治疗最不利的副作用之一是白斑病变（WSLs）。尽管最重要的方法是预防WSL，但评估再矿化剂的功效也至关重要。但是，在文献中关于这些药剂的再矿化过程没有共识。本研究的目的是使用定量光诱导荧光（QLF）评估不同化学成分的不同氟化物清漆，牙釉质基质蛋白和自组装肽衍生物对人工创建的WSL矿化的影响。使用酸性缓冲溶液（pH 5、10天）在牛牙釉质样品上创建了人工WSL。标本随机分配到六组（每组n = 10）：（1）Emdogain（Straumann，Basel，瑞士），（2）Curodont维修公司（瑞士Credentis AG），（3）Duraphat（纽约州纽约州高露洁-棕榄），（4）Clinpro XT（3 M ESPE，澳大利亚新南威尔士州Pymble），（ 5）Enamel Pro Varnish（美国宾夕法尼亚州Premier Dental Products），和（6）对照（未处理）。根据制造商的说明将这些代理应用于WSL。牙釉质表面的荧光损失（ΔF），病变面积（面积）和冲击（ΔQ）值是在基线时以及术后7天，14天和21天后通过QLF-D BiluminatorTM（Inspektor-Pro，阿姆斯特丹，荷兰）进行定量的。各种材料的应用。除Duraphat和Enamel Pro清漆外，所有组的ΔF值在整个21天均呈现明显下降的趋势。在Clinpro XT清漆应用的第14天到第21天之间的变化显着高于Emdogain，Curodont和Enamel Pro。与Emdogain，Clinpro XT和Enamel Pro组相比，Curodont组在第一周和第二周之间显示出更高的病变面积变化，而Clinpro XT确保了观察期第二周到第三周的最大减少。在21天的分析中，搪瓷基质蛋白，自组装肽和可光固化的氟化物清漆大大降低了荧光损失。与Duraphat，Enamel Pro氟化清漆和Emdogain在不同时间点相比，Curodont和Clinpro XT可有效减少荧光损失和病变区域。而Clinpro XT确保从观察期的第二周到第三周的最大减少量。在21天的分析中，搪瓷基质蛋白，自组装肽和可光固化的氟化物清漆大大降低了荧光损失。与Duraphat，Enamel Pro氟化清漆和Emdogain在不同时间点相比，Curodont和Clinpro XT可有效减少荧光损失和病变区域。而Clinpro XT确保从观察期的第二周到第三周的最大减少量。在21天的分析中，搪瓷基质蛋白，自组装肽和可光固化的氟化物清漆大大降低了荧光损失。与Duraphat，Enamel Pro氟化清漆和Emdogain在不同时间点相比，Curodont和Clinpro XT可有效减少荧光损失和病变区域。