The invention of phase contrast microscopy revolutionized optics, enabling the visualization of highly optically transparent samples without the need for staining. The technique utilizes phase shifts within the sample and is routinely employed in the characterization of biological material and other weakly interacting objects. However, the demand for increased contrast and quantification has continued to drive research into more advanced approaches to phase imaging. Here, we demonstrate that the combination of ptychographic coherent diffractive imaging with plasmonically active metamaterials yields a massive enhancement of both the reconstructed phase and amplitude by exploiting near-field interactions at the metamaterial surface. We present results from nanofabricated samples and tissue sections with thickness ranging from 4 nm to 4 μm. In addition to enabling quantitative phase imaging of metamaterials, this approach opens the way to imaging a wide range of extremely thin or highly transparent objects previously inaccessible to optical microscopy.

相差显微镜的发明彻底改变了光学，使高度光学透明的样品无需染色即可可视化。该技术利用样品内的相移，通常用于表征生物材料和其他弱相互作用物体。然而，对增加对比度和量化的需求继续推动对更先进的相位成像方法的研究。在这里，我们证明，通过利用超材料表面的近场相互作用，将 ptychographic 相干衍射成像与等离子体活性超材料相结合，可以显着增强重建的相位和振幅。我们展示了厚度范围为 4 nm 至 4 μm 的纳米加工样品和组织切片的结果。