ABSTRACT

Botrytis blight is an economically important disease of lowbush blueberry that causes significant yield loss annually. In this study, the biofungicides, Diplomat 5SC^; (polyoxin D), Timorex Gold^; (tea tree oil), Fracture^; (BLAD) and Serenade MAX^; (Bacillus subtilis) were evaluated for their disease suppression potential against B. cinerea individually and in rotation with Switch® (cyprodinil and fludioxonil) under field conditions. Three applications of each biofungicide were made for the stand-alone treatments at 7–10 day intervals, with Switch® replacing the biofungicides during the second applications in the combined treatment. Results indicated that the products have the potential for use as a biofungicide in lowbush blueberries. All the stand-alone and rotational applications brought about a significant reduction in disease development, especially in 2019. The application of Diplomat 5SC^; and Fracture®-Switch® rotation decreased disease development by over 63% in 2018. In 2019, all stand-alone treatments reduced disease development by more than 42%, whereas their rotation with Switch® reduced disease by over 69% at one site and at least 30% at another site. Stand-alone Diplomat 5SC® and Timorex Gold® along with Fracture®, Timorex Gold® and Serenade MAX^; rotation resulted in over 20% more berries. This study suggests that the biofungicides and their integration with chemical fungicides have the potential as an alternative management strategy against Botrytis blossom blight to reduce the use of conventional fungicides and produce fruit with no detectable fungicide residues.

摘要

灰霉病是矮丛蓝莓的一种重要的经济病害，每年都会导致显着的产量损失。在本研究中，生物杀菌剂 Diplomat 5SC ^；(polyoxin D), Timorex Gold ^; （茶树油），骨折^；(BLAD) 和小夜曲 MAX ^; ( Bacillus subtilis ) 对B. cinerea的疾病抑制潜力进行了评估在田间条件下单独和轮换使用 Switch®（嘧菌环胺和氟啶虫胺）。每种生物杀真菌剂以 7 至 10 天的间隔进行三次单独处理，Switch® 在联合处理中的第二次应用期间代替生物杀真菌剂。结果表明，这些产品有可能在矮丛蓝莓中用作生物杀菌剂。所有的独立和轮换申请都带来了疾病发展的显着减少，尤其是在 2019 年。 Diplomat 5SC 的申请^；和 Fracture®-Switch® 轮换在 2018 年减少了 63% 以上的疾病发展。 2019 年，所有独立治疗将疾病发展减少了 42% 以上，而它们与 Switch® 的轮换减少了 69% 以上的一个站点的疾病，并且至少 30% 在另一个站点。独立的 Diplomat 5SC® 和 Timorex Gold® 以及 Fracture®、Timorex Gold® 和 Serenade MAX ^；轮换产生了超过 20% 的浆果。这项研究表明，生物杀真菌剂及其与化学杀真菌剂的结合有可能作为对抗灰霉病的替代管理策略，以减少传统杀真菌剂的使用，并生产出没有可检测到的杀真菌剂残留的果实。