The microenvironment in the seminiferous tubules of buffalo changes with age, which affects the self‐renewal and growth of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and the process of spermatogenesis, but the mechanism remains to be elucidated. RNA‐seq was performed to compare the transcript profiles of pre‐pubertal buffalo (PUB) and adult buffalo (ADU) seminiferous tubules. In total, 17,299 genes from PUB and ADU seminiferous tubules identified through RNA‐seq, among which 12,271 were expressed in PUB and ADU seminiferous tubules, 4,027 were expressed in only ADU seminiferous tubules, and 956 were expressed in only PUB seminiferous tubules. Of the 17,299 genes, we identified 13,714 genes that had significant differences in expression levels between PUB and ADU through GO enrichment analysis. Among these genes, 5,342 were significantly upregulated and possibly related to the formation or identity of the surface antigen on SSCs during self‐renewal; 7,832 genes were significantly downregulated, indicating that genes in PUB seminiferous tubules do not participate in the biological processes of sperm differentiation or formation in this phase compared with those in ADU seminiferous tubules. Subsequently, through the combination with KEGG analysis, we detected enrichment in a number of genes related to the development of spermatogonial stem cells, providing a reference for study of the development mechanism of buffalo spermatogonial stem cells in the future. In conclusion, our data provide detailed information on the mRNA transcriptomes in PUB and ADU seminiferous tubules, revealing the crucial factors involved in maintaining the microenvironment and providing a reference for further in vitro cultivation of SSCs.

中文翻译：

---

转录组分析揭示了青春期前和成年水牛生精小管中精原干细胞微环境的差异

水牛曲细精管内的微环境随着年龄的增长而变化，影响精原干细胞（SSCs）的自我更新和生长以及精子发生过程，但其机制仍有待阐明。进行 RNA-seq 以比较青春期前水牛 (PUB) 和成年水牛 (ADU) 生精小管的转录谱。通过RNA-seq共鉴定出PUB和ADU生精小管的17,299个基因，其中12,271个在PUB和ADU生精小管中表达，4,027个仅在ADU生精小管中表达，956个仅在PUB生精小管中表达。在 17,299 个基因中，我们通过 GO 富集分析鉴定了 13,714 个基因，它们在 PUB 和 ADU 之间的表达水平具有显着差异。在这些基因中，5、342 显着上调，可能与自我更新过程中 SSC 表面抗原的形成或身份有关；7,832个基因显着下调，表明与ADU生精小管中的基因相比，PUB生精小管中的基因不参与该阶段精子分化或形成的生物学过程。随后，通过结合KEGG分析，检测出与精原干细胞发育相关的多个基因的富集，为今后研究水牛精原干细胞发育机制提供参考。总之，我们的数据提供了关于 PUB 和 ADU 生精小管中 mRNA 转录组的详细信息，