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Can we use a functional trait to construct a generalized model for ungulate populations?
Ecology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 , DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3289
Lochran W. Traill 1, 2 , Floriane Plard 3 , Jean‐Michel Gaillard 3 , Tim Coulson 4
Affiliation  

Ecologists have long desired predictive models that allow inference on population dynamics, where detailed demographic data are unavailable. Integral projection models (IPMs) allow both demographic and phenotypic outcomes at the level of the population to be predicted from the distribution of a functional trait, like body mass. In species' where body mass markedly influences demographic rates, as is the rule among mammals, then IPMs provide not only opportunity to assess the population responses to a given environment, but also improve our understanding of the complex interplay between traits and demographic outcomes. Here we develop a body mass-based approach to constructing generalized, predictive IPMs for species of ungulates covering a broad range of body size (25-400 kg). Despite our best efforts, we found that a reliable and general, functional trait-based model for ungulates was unattainable even after accounting for among-species variation in both age at first reproduction and litter size. We attribute this to the diversity of reproductive tactics among similar-sized species of ungulates, and to the interplay between density-dependent and environmental factors that shape demographic parameters independent of mass at the local scale. These processes thus drive population dynamics and cannot be ignored. Environmental context generally matters in population ecology, and our study shows this may be the case for functional traits in vertebrate populations.

中文翻译:

我们可以使用功能特征来构建有蹄类动物种群的广义模型吗?

长期以来,生态学家一直希望能够在无法获得详细人口统计数据的情况下推断人口动态的预测模型。积分投影模型 (IPM) 允许从功能特征(如体重)的分布预测人口水平的人口统计和表型结果。在体重显着影响人口统计率的物种中,就像哺乳动物之间的规则一样,IPM 不仅提供了评估种群对特定环境的反应的机会,而且还提高了我们对特征和人口统计结果之间复杂相互作用的理解。在这里,我们开发了一种基于体重的方法,为涵盖广泛的体型(25-400 公斤)的有蹄类动物种类构建广义的、预测性的 IPM。尽管我们尽了最大的努力,但我们发现一个可靠且通用的,即使考虑了首次繁殖年龄和产仔数的物种间差异,基于功能特征的有蹄类动物模型仍然无法实现。我们将此归因于类似大小的有蹄类动物物种之间的繁殖策略的多样性,以及密度依赖和环境因素之间的相互作用,这些因素在局部尺度上形成了独立于质量的人口统计参数。因此,这些过程推动了人口动态,不容忽视。环境背景在种群生态学中通常很重要,我们的研究表明,脊椎动物种群的功能特征可能就是这种情况。我们将此归因于类似大小的有蹄类动物物种之间的繁殖策略的多样性,以及密度依赖和环境因素之间的相互作用,这些因素在局部尺度上形成了独立于质量的人口统计参数。因此,这些过程推动了人口动态,不容忽视。环境背景在种群生态学中通常很重要,我们的研究表明,脊椎动物种群的功能特征可能就是这种情况。我们将此归因于类似大小的有蹄类动物物种之间的繁殖策略的多样性,以及密度依赖和环境因素之间的相互作用,这些因素在局部尺度上形成了独立于质量的人口统计参数。因此,这些过程推动了人口动态,不容忽视。环境背景在种群生态学中通常很重要,我们的研究表明,脊椎动物种群的功能特征可能就是这种情况。
更新日期:2021-01-23
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