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An experimental test of stabilizing forces in the field niche
Ecology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 , DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3290
Andrew Siefert 1 , Maren L Friesen 2, 3 , Kenneth W Zillig 4 , Jessica Aguilar 5 , Sharon Y Strauss 1
Affiliation  

Modern coexistence theory holds that stabilizing mechanisms, whereby species limit the growth of conspecifics more than that of other species, are necessary for species to coexist. Here, we used experimental and observational approaches to assess stabilizing forces in eight locally co-occurring, annual legume species in the genus Trifolium. We experimentally measured self-limitation in the field by transplanting Trifolium species into each other's field niches while varying competition and related these patterns to the field coexistence dynamics of natural Trifolium populations. We found that Trifolium species differed in their responses to local environmental gradients and performed best in their home environments, consistent with habitat specialization and presenting a possible barrier to coexistence at fine scales. We found significant self-limitation for 5 of 42 pairwise species combinations measured experimentally with competitors absent, indicating stabilization through plant-soil feedbacks and other indirect interactions, whereas self-limitation was largely absent when neighbors were present, indicating destabilizing effects of direct plant-plant interactions. The degree of self-limitation measured in our field experiment explained year-to-year dynamics of coexistence by Trifolium species in natural communities. By assessing stabilizing forces and environmental responses in the full n-dimensional field niche, this study sheds light on the roles of habitat specialization, plant-soil feedbacks, and plant interactions in determining species coexistence at local scales.

中文翻译:

野外小生境稳定力的实验测试

现代共存理论认为,物种共存需要稳定机制,即物种比其他物种更能限制同种的生长。在这里,我们使用实验和观察方法来评估三叶草属中八种局部共生的一年生豆科植物的稳定力。我们通过将三叶草物种移植到彼此的田间生态位中,同时改变竞争并将这些模式与自然三叶草种群的田间共存动态相关联,通过实验测量了该领域的自我限制。我们发现,三叶草物种对当地环境梯度的反应不同,并且在它们的家庭环境中表现最好,这与栖息地专业化一致,并在细小尺度上呈现出可能的共存障碍。我们发现,在没有竞争者的情况下,通过实验测量的 42 个成对物种组合中的 5 个具有显着的自限性,表明植物-土壤反馈和其他间接相互作用的稳定性,而当邻居存在时,自限性基本上不存在,表明直接植物-植物相互作用。在我们的田间实验中测量的自我限制程度解释了三叶草物种在自然群落中的逐年共存动态。通过评估完整 n 维领域生态位中的稳定力和环境响应,本研究阐明了栖息地专业化、植物-土壤反馈和植物相互作用在确定局部尺度物种共存中的作用。
更新日期:2021-01-23
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